探討 ITS 中先進車輛安全運輸控制的 智慧型路由方法

Study of Intelligent Routing Method for Advanced Vehicles in Safety Intelligent Transportation System

陳信菖(Xin-chang Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳彥文

國立中央大學/資訊電機學院/通訊工程學系/碩士(2008年)

摘要

ITS 中安全性服務和便利性服務一直都是兩大熱門討論的研究議題，
本篇論文提出一個運用於車輛路由導引系統(Vehicle Route Guidance
Systems, VRGS)中整合安全性和便利性服務的車輛「智慧型路由」方法，
透過偵測、通訊、控制等技術，來達到既安全且有效率的整體性車輛路由
規劃，並探討中控式路由方法可能遭遇的隱藏衝突路徑問題(Hidden
Conflict Path Problem)。
智慧型路由方法屬於一種啟發式演算法(Heuristic Algorithm)，透過貪
婪路由(Greedy Routing)模式和繞路路由(Detour Routing)模式之間的動態
切換，中控端即能安排車輛快速地找尋近似最佳解路徑。動態繞路機制藉
由均衡排班車流、提高道路使用率來改善「空間不均勻」的交通擁塞分布；
回溯修正路由流程(Backtrack Reroute Process)除了解決不安全的衝突路徑
問題，還能調節進入交通車流，在交通飽和狀態下發揮匝道控制效果。合
作駕駛排班和回溯修正路由流程提供行駛安全性上碰撞避免的保證；動態
繞路機制則提供行駛便利性上替代路由的選擇：透過順暢且安全的路由規
劃，有限的交通運輸資源即能獲得最有效地利用。
由模擬中我們得到以下驗證：首先，不同大小的交通拓樸造成不同的
臨界飽和密度；其次，動態繞路機制確實能有效分散車流擁塞情形，使交
通系統達到均衡並提升整體車輛路由效率；最後，回溯修正路由流程的確
能適當調節交通擁塞車流，使交通系統擁塞情況不繼續惡化。

關鍵字

智慧型路由 ； 車輛路由 ； 車輛路由導引系統 ； 繞路 ； 智慧型傳輸系統

並列摘要

Safety and comfort applications have been two popular research topics in ITS
recently. In this paper, we propose a vehicle-based intelligent routing method to
integrate safety and comfort services in Vehicle Route Guidance Systems (VRGS).
By detection, communication and control technologies, it can reach a complete
vehicle route in safe and efficient way, and we discuss advanced in hidden conflict
path problem that some of centralize routing method might be meet.
. A heuristic algorithm for multiple vehicles routing problem called intelligent
routing method is propose, base on greedy routing and detour routing switches
dynamically, then controller can design a near-optimal route for vehicle. Dynamic
detour scheme improve unevenness traffic density condition by balance scheduled
vehicle routes and increase road utility rate; Backtrack reroute process use to correct
unsafe conflict path problem, in addition, it adjust the access traffic flow liked ramp
control in congestion condition. Cooperative drive and Backtrack reroute process to
provide safety warranty by collision avoidance; Dynamic detour scheme provide the
efficiency warranty by detour path selection; under safe and efficient route planning
of globality, the limited transportation resources can be utilized most effectively.
In simulation, it indicate the following verification: First, the different size of
traffic topology to make critical density different; Second, dynamic detour scheme
can balance unevenness traffic, it make traffic system to reach equilibrium and
efficiency; Third, Backtrack reroute process can adjust the access traffic, thus traffic
will not to collapse.

並列關鍵字

Intelligent Routing ； VRGS ； Vehicle Routing ； ITS ； Detour

參考文獻

[1] Li. Li; Fei-Yue Wang ,“Cooperative Driving and Lane Changing at Blind

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[2] Jing Zhao; Guohong Cao, “VADD: Vehicle-Assisted Data Delivery in Vehicular

[3] Oje Kwon; Sang-Hyun Lee; Joon-Seok Kim; Min-Soo Kim; Ki-Joune Li,

“Collision Prediction at Intersection in Sensor Network Environment” IEEE