以實驗方法探討人工濕地之水質淨化效益

The performance of water treatment efficiencies of a laboratory scale experimental constructed wetland

林郁靜(Yu-ching Lin)

指導教授 ： 吳瑞賢

國立中央大學/工學院/土木工程學系/碩士(2008年)

摘要

人工濕地處理汙水為一經濟實惠且又具有美觀及教育的自然淨化程序。本研究利用實驗室模型進行實地模擬人工濕地系統，以置於中央大學校區內之中大湖為研究對象。模型長1.2公尺、寬0.3公尺及高0.3公尺，設於大型通風實驗室，以人工取樣及水閥控制其進流量，並以連續而穩定的方式進入實驗反應槽中。
本研究主要研究目的，在於比較經人工濕地之模擬渠道後，出流水及放流水水質之情況。利用人工濕地對各項污染物之去除效能做比較及分析。結果顯示，對各污染物之去除效率分別為:生化需氧量(BOD)之去除效率為83.64%、懸浮固體物(SS) 之去除效率為96.39%、氨氮(NH4-N) 之去除效率為80.64%、硝酸鹽氮之去除效率為70.6%及亞硝酸鹽氮之去除效率為4.88%。與文獻相比較去除效果較高，推測本研究之流量較小、停留時間較長有充裕的時間去除各汙染物質。再以進-出流水的去除效果進而討論污水經處理後之循環再利用性及其功能性。
此外，亦採人工濕地之斷面探討各階段性之去除效率；就整體而言，各斷面皆有其去除效果，本系統之最佳停留時間並非為停留時間最長的3.79天，而是距進流口90cm處的2.84天為最佳停留時間；本結果顯示，並非停留時間越長，其去除效率越好，故停留時間的設定乃是人工濕地是否成功之最重要的要素之一。

關鍵字

去除率 ； 人工溼地 ； 污水

並列摘要

The constructed wetland is one of the natural treatment systems and a Green Ecological Engineering Technology process of low energy requirement, low cost, no secondary pollution and ease of operation. The main study purpose is to compare the difference of the water quality between effluent water which was through the purification of constructed wetland system and current river quality, so that we can confer and evaluate the feasibility of the retrieve effluent water through the constructed wetland system..
In this study, the experiment setup of the constructed wetland in National Central University in treating septic tank effluent was monitored. The average removal efficiency within four months operation period are: BOD5(83.64%)、SS(96.39%)、NO3-N (70.6%)、NO2-N(4.88%)and NH4-N(80.64%). Compared with literatures, mostly higher removal efficiency may be because of longer hydraulic retention time. The quality of the discharged water from constructed wetland meets the requirements of “The Discharge Standare”. In this case, the best hydraulic retention time is 2.84 days not 3.79days, It is concluded that hydraulic retention time is one of the important design criteria in the constructed wetland.

並列關鍵字

wastewater ； average removal efficienc ； constructed wetlands

參考文獻

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