中小企業創業政策評選模式：多準則決策模式應用

Entrepreneurship Policy Assessment Model for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises -- Application of Multi-Criteria Decision Making Model

郭小喬(Hsiao-chiao Kuo)

指導教授 ： 蔡文賢

國立中央大學/管理學院/企業管理學系/博士(2011年)

摘要

台灣是屬於創業型國家，中小企業運作活躍，加上政府政策的配合，使得中小企業在台灣經濟發展上扮演著重要的角色。但2007年起受到美國次級信貸影響，重挫了全球經濟發展。各國政府為了提振經濟，鼓勵人民進行中小企業創業便是手段之一，不僅是可以增加員工的雇用，創造人民就業機會，更可以解決社會問題，提升經濟競爭優勢，因此如何改進創業觀念、政策、法規及服務等條件，建立完善創業發展環境，已成了各國政府制定創業政策的重點。之前有關創業研究主要是集中於創業者特質與創業機會的探討，甚少進行創業環境與創業政策多面向的討論。但是在創業過程中充滿障礙，政府首先必須要輔導與創造出良好的創業環境，增加人民創業意願，使其獲取創業夥伴與資源，加速創業之成功率，才能達到創業政策之目標。本研究主要是針對台灣中小企業的創業政策進行評估與決策分析，在評估模式部分整合了「決策實驗室分析法(DEMATEL)」、「分析網路程序法(ANP)」來幫助決策者確立創業政策方案的重要優先順序，接續採用「0-1整數目標規畫法」來分析考量政府預算資源投入後，執行各方案之決策分析。經過評估模式結果顯示，在考量政府預算限制下，創業政策中「育成中心」、「協助新創事業取得資金」、「建構創業知識資訊平台」三個方案會優先被選擇。故本研究主要貢獻是在於建構多準則評估模式，幫助政府在預算資源限制下，評選出最適當的中小企業創業政策方案。

關鍵字

0-1整數目標規畫法 ； 分析網路程序法 ； 決策實驗室分析法 ； 創業政策 ； 中小企業

並列摘要

Since the second half of 2007, the global economy has felt the effects of the credit crunch, and the sub-prime mortgage crisis in the US has resulted in a loss of consumer confidence. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have been the foundation for economic development and have provided important contributions to job creation. Economic policy makers worldwide are trying to implement actions that will enhance the competitive vitality of SMEs and foster entrepreneurial drive through effective entrepreneurship policy. Surprisingly, prior research has given little attention to the evaluation of entrepreneurship policy. This paper makes two main contributions. First, the paper proposes an integrated model that combines the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL), analytic network process (ANP), and zero-one goal programming (ZOGP) methods. This model considers the interdependent relationship among complex policy evaluation criteria and alternatives, and addresses the constraints of itemized annual budgets. Second, the paper applies the model to an empirical case study of entrepreneurship policy for SMEs in Taiwan. The evaluation results show that three alternatives (incubator center, financial assistance, and knowledge-sharing platforms) are selected under budget constraints and the model provides an effective solution to help policy makers evaluate and select feasible entrepreneurship policy mix.

並列關鍵字

Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory

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