相對地位對生育決策的影響-以女性收入及教育為例

The effect of comparative status on the decision of giving birth- take the income and education of female as example

戴君怡(Chun-yi Tai)

指導教授 ： 劉錦龍

國立中央大學/管理學院/產業經濟研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2012年)

摘要

本文使用行政院主計處的「婦女婚育就業調查」資料與卜瓦松迴歸模型(Poisson Regression Model)，研究妻子與丈夫個人特性對生育決策的影響，與以往研究不同的是，在分析影響影響生育決策的因素時，除了年齡、收入、教育等因素外，特別引入相對收入、相對教育來反映女性在家庭中的相對地位。對於生育多少個孩子的決策，迴歸結果顯示：(1)妻子年齡與妻子初婚年齡對於家庭生育決策有顯著正向影響，(2)妻子及丈夫受教育年數對生育決策有強烈負向效果，且妻子受教育程度相對於丈夫而言，對家庭生育決策影響幅度較大，(3)丈夫每月經常性收入與妻子每日家庭勞動時間對生育決策呈現正向顯著影響，(4)相對教育愈高傾向多生育小孩，女性社會地位的提高會降低生育意願，但單純的社會地位的提高並不足以完全改變女性生育意願。

關鍵字

卜瓦松迴歸模型 ； 生育決策 ； 相對地位

並列摘要

According to the reference adopted in this study regarding “the research of employment for those women with marital status and children” developed by the Statistics Bureau of Executive Yuan and the usage of Poisson Regression Model, which investigates the effect of characteristics of wife and husband upon the decision of giving birth. As the previous study shown, the demographic variables such as age, income and education are considered as the elements when it comes to the analysis of effect of decision of giving birth. However, the research shown here is different from the previous ones where the comparatively household income and the level of education of those females in marriage, which could further reflect their status in the family, are particularly taken as factors.
The results indicate that (1) the age of wife herself and the first marriage time have positively significant effect; (2) the level of education for both wife and husband has considerably negative effect, moreover, wife has relatively effect on the decision of giving birth compared to husband; (3) The monthly income from husband and the hours of doing house works for wife have positively significant effect; (4) The higher education level that female obtains, the more likely to have more children. (5) The raise of female’s social status would comparatively reduce the desire of having baby. However, the only factor of higher social status itself could not completely change the desire to give birth for females.

並列關鍵字

Poisson Regression Model ； decision of giving birth ； Comparative Status

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