成年失明者參與「意義治療」方案 對生命意義感影響之研究

A Study Of The Effects Of Meaning In Life In Adults With Acquired Visual Impairment Participating In A Logotherapy Program

賴淑蘭(Lai, Shulan)

指導教授 ： 黃富順

國立中正大學/教育學院/成人及繼續教育學系/博士(2012年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討「意義治療」方案對成年失明者生命意義感之影響，採行動研究法，進行八週共八次16小時之意義治療方案。研究結論為（1）「意義治療」方案內容包括八個單元皆適用於成年失明者；（2）立基之核心概念適恰，成員對蘊含創造性價值之單元內容印象最深刻；（3）實施方式包括十三種，其中以「引導思考」、「生命敘事」、「人際學習」、「藝術創作」、「感官訓練」、「想像活動」、「音樂」及「自我暗示」等八種較為重要；（4）實施方式以「音樂」開始，以「自我暗示」結束，可營造出正向、溫馨的氛圍；（5）實施後的量化分析顯示，對成員的生命意義感有正向的效果；（6）方案的實施對成年失明者生命意義感，在相關的行為、態度和認知上有正面的影響；（7）實施所產生的問題有六個，其中以人力和器材無法配合、風暴期提前來臨及受到文化與制度的影響等問題較為嚴重。

依據研究所獲得之結論，對擔任成年失明者心理輔導教師的建議，包括在心理輔導相關方案中加入本方案的單元內容；帶領方案前，應充實成年失明者心理適應的相關知能；在方案的實施上宜採多元的方式進行並交替互用。對民間非營利組織及政府主管機關的建議，包括將「意義治療」方案納入正式課程中；挹注充裕經費，補助「意義治療」方案的研究及實施並將成果公佈於網際網路上。對成年失明者的建議，包括在尋求職業訓練外，多參與心理輔導方案；卸下心理防衛，接受社會大眾及專業人員的幫忙。

關鍵字

生命意義感 ； 成年失明者 ； 意義治療

並列摘要

The objective of this study is to explore the effect of meaning in life among adults with acquired visual impairment participating in a Logotherapy program. Following a series of action research lasting 8 weeks, with 8 sessions and a total of 16 hours, the conclusions of this research are as follows: (1) The Logotherapy program for adults with acquired visual impairment consists of eight sessions. (2) The core concepts of the program are appropriate and participants are impressed by activities that involve creative values. (3) Thirteen methods are used in the implementation of the program, however, the key methods are guided thinking, life narrative, interpersonal learning, artistic creation, sense training, imaginative activities, music, and autosuggestion. (4) By using music as an opening and autosuggestion as an ending, the program builds a warm and positive atmosphere. (5) The results obtained through quantitative analysis show that the program has a positive effect on life meaning among participants. (6) The Logotherapy program had a positive impact on participant behavior, attitude and cognition. (7) A total of six problems were identified in the implementation of the program. The serious problems include a mismatch between manpower and equipment, storming stage emerged too quickly, and strong influences of cultural and system.
Drawing on the findings above, some suggestions are offered for counselors to adults with acquired visual impairment. These include combining the content of the Logotherapy program with other counseling programs, supplementing professional qualifications to include assisting adults with acquired visual impairments make a successful mental adjustment, and using multiple methods in the Logotherapy program.
Suggestions for NPOs and government agencies include bringing Logotherapy into the formal curriculum, providing subsidies and funding to support further research and implementation of Logotherapy programs, and publishing the effects of such programs via the Internet. Suggestions for adults with acquired visual impairment include, joining a counseling program in addition to enrolling in a vocational training course, and breaking down psychological defense so as to accept public and professional assistance.

並列關鍵字

Meaning in Life ； Adults with Acquired Visual Impairment ； Logotherapy

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