東突問題與中國傳統安全思維之分析

摘要 2009年7月5日中國新疆爆發了「七五事件」，一個鬥毆事件，一個不明確的處理方式，激起了維吾爾族人的不滿，導致了而後維、漢的流血衝突事件，傷亡人數多達上千人。中國在此事件爆發後，矛頭卻直接指向是由訴諸獨立的「世界維吾爾大表大會」（World Uyghur Congress, WUC）所策劃安排的恐怖事件，讓這問題趨向「複雜化」，也造就盤根錯雜的「東突問題」。既然如此，有何種思維是較能詮釋或解讀中國與新疆的關係？所謂「中國」問題，就該歸咎以中國的傳統觀念來剖析，這就是本文寄望以「中國傳統安全思維」來對東突問題給予較不同層面的洞悉與了解。故本文試著透過對中國傳統安全思維觀—「大一統觀念、近代主權與領土之完整性」之了解與分析，給予東突問題相當程度之說明，並試圖給予中國與東突未來發展上，相當程度的建議。至於何種方式才能改善中國與東突的關係？本文的建議：可從「民族方面」作為出發點，中國需將「舊時思想包袱」擺脫，給予維族基本尊重，在民族政策上須修改，尊重宗教、落實貧富差距的縮減；對於民族衝突的處理方式，放棄過往打壓的手法，這樣才有達到民族和平的可能，也是維持國家安定的重要依據。關鍵字：東突（新疆）問題、大一統觀念、主權與領土之完整性

關鍵字

東突（新疆）問題；大一統觀念；主權與領土之完整性

並列摘要

Abstract In the July 5, 2009, Xinjiang broke out “Urumqi 5 July Incident,” the incident result as a “brawl event,” but the unclear way of treatment let the event became bloodshed incident, cause more than thousand people dead. After the event outbreak, Beijing authorities directly pointed out it was plan by World Uyghur Congress, in that way, the issue became more complicate. Under this circumstance, which way of thinking is better to interpretative the relationship between China and Xinjiang? By so-called “China’s issue,” the China’s traditional concept is more appropriate to analysis it. That’s why this thesis hopes that by using “China’s traditional security thinking” to giving different perspectives and understanding on “East Turkistan issues.” This thesis tries trough “the concept of Great Unification, the integrity of Sovereignty and territory” to realize and analysis the East Turkistan issues, also try to give several suggestions for the future development of China and East Turkistan. Which manner is able to improve the relationship of China and East Turkistan? The “ethnic problem” can as a starting point to resolve relationship. Beijing must get rid of “ancient thinking burden,” respect the Uyghur people, and necessary to revise the ethnic policy, respect religious believes, reduce the gap between rich and poor; For the treatment of ethnic conflict, give up the bashing, it not only can reach the ethnic peace, but also an important basis to sustain the state stability. Keywords: East Turkistan (Xinjiang) Issues, the Concept of Great Unification, the Integrity of Sovereignty and Territory.

並列關鍵字

East Turkistan (Xinjiang) Issues ； the Concept of Great Unification ； the Integrity of Sovereignty and Territory

參考文獻

王玉民，社會科學研究方法原理（台北：洪葉文化，1994年）。

王維芳，「從『七五』新疆事件談『東突』運動」，中國邊政，第179期（2009年9月），頁85-97。

孟鴻，「平心靜氣看新疆、西藏事件」，中國邊政，第174期（2008年6月），頁1-36。

張雅君，「中共反恐外交的實踐與成效之分析」，中國大陸研究，第48卷第4期（2005年3月），頁53-83。

Mutimer, David, “Beyond Strategy: Critical Thinking and the New Security Studies,” in Craig A. Snyder ed., Contemporary Security and Strategy (London: Macmillan Press, 1999).

國際替代計量

東突問題與中國傳統安全思維之分析

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