能源供應與能源外交：以歐盟與俄羅斯能源戰略為例

Energy Supply and Energy Diplomacy: Case Study of Energy Strategy of EU and Russia

蔡文傑(Wen-Chieh Tsai)

指導教授 ： 藍玉春

國立中正大學/社會科學院/政治學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本論文以歐盟與俄羅斯的能源戰略為例，分別討論歐盟與俄羅斯的能源安全發展出不同面向的措施。在歐盟以能源供應安全作為其核心目標，而永續、競爭與供應安全作為其制定能源政策的三大原則。在執行面向，歐盟執委會尋求各成員國能夠一致的共同能源政策，並形塑一個共同能源市場，最後是達到共同的對外能源政策。此外，並討論歐盟與能源生產國、過境國的發展關係。俄羅斯以能源外交作為回復過去大國地位的手段，因此必須確保能源出口與基礎設施的有效與安全。歐盟與俄羅斯雙邊分別處於能源的進口國與出口國，以能源作為籌碼的俄羅斯具有較大的發揮空間，其目的在於加強歐盟對俄羅斯的能源進口；而歐盟則必須以多元進口的方針，降低對於俄羅斯能源的過度依賴。

關鍵字

能源外交 ； 能源供應安全 ； 能源安全

並列摘要

This master thesis focuses on the case study of energy strategy of EU and Russia, discussing different aspects of measures in energy security from EU and Russia. In the case of EU, its core objective targets the energy security of supply, and sustainable, competitive and secure energy is the principle of energy policy. In practice, EU Commission seeks achievement of common energy policies in member states of EU, which allows all members can speak in one voice and helps the shape of a common energy market in EU, then a common external energy policy in EU could consequently be finalized. Moreover, the relationships among EU, other energy producers and transit-states are also being discussed. As for the case of Russia, energy diplomacy has been regarded as a political method to return to its power position; energy export, and effective, safe infrastructure, therefore, must be ensured for Russia. EU and Russia serve as energy import and export state. With the energy base, Russia have more political space in energy politics to increase energy demand from EU, while EU have to take diversified policy in energy import in order to avoid excessive dependence on energy supply from Russia.

並列關鍵字

Energy Diplomacy ； Energy Security of Supply, ； Energy Security,

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