鄭華娟散文中的「旅．居」書寫研究

摘要本文以曾得德國馬克吐溫文學獎殊榮的女作家鄭華娟做為觀察對象，探討她結婚前後二十多年的異國書寫。鄭華娟嫁為德國婦，因而筆者以為她有兩個異鄉，一個出現在她的「家」居，另一個是她家居外的旅行，兩者都充滿了跨文化翻譯的趣味。她暱稱自己的老公為老德，透過老德和他們的鄰居、公婆、家族，風俗、習慣、行為方式等種種相處的生活點滴，她翩然出入於一個不斷在差異與同一辯證中的文化空間。而，當她離開德國自己的家居，外出旅行，她又進入了另一個家居外的異鄉，展示差異中的差異。她所書寫的字行間都是對特殊的自然與人文景觀的感悟與書寫。不管是在「家居」或旅行，這兩個異鄉的觀察與書寫，同時都充滿了各種趣意，散發著甜美的滋味，讀者時時感到作者的快樂，隨之欣然微笑。由於鄭華娟的作品跨不同文類，因而本文的分析內容包括詞曲、散文、小說，生活點滴，探討她在德國對於生活習慣及文化差異中尋找的平衡點，在台灣文學的旅行書寫出版。德國媳婦的女性旅遊書寫及在家的旅行文學為研究主題。整體而言，鄭華娟的旅行文本有正向的思考且在異國相處上能夠尋找到適合自己的平衡點。可以透過鄭華娟的作品了解德國文化的一些習性，也可以了解歐洲人對於生活方式的隨性，所以鄭的輕散文讓人讀起來猶如身歷其境。關鍵字：旅遊書寫、在家的旅行、風俗習慣、文化差異、家庭觀

關鍵字

文化差異；風俗習慣；在家的旅行；旅遊書寫；家庭觀

並列摘要

Abstract This article studies female writer Zheng Hua-Juan who was awarded the Mark Twain Travel Journalism Award, exploring the two decades of writing done in foreign land before and after her marriage. Zheng married a German, a marriage leading me to think that for her their are two foreign countries: one that is her living “home,” another being her travels. Both are filled with the delight of cross-cultural translation. She calls her husband Old Fritz, a term of endearment. Through her life with Old Fritz, German neighbors, her parents-in-law, the family, the interaction between different cultures, customs and social behaviour, she travels in and out of a cultural space that constantly challenges her with differences as well as similarities. However, when she leaves her home in Germany, and enters into another home in foreign land, the cultural differences are revealed in her writing. Her writing shows her reflection on nature and human landscape. Either “at home” or on travels, the two foreign experiences and homes provide her with abundant material that produces in her works a sense of delight and pleasure shared by both readers and author alike Due to the multi-genre nature of her work, the analysis in this article includes Ci and Qu (Chinese poetic forms), prose, novel, journal and deals with her point of balance in adjusting to German lifestyle and culture and her travel writing as part of Taiwanese literature. The article centers on her feminine travel writing coming from a Taiwanese woman married into a German culture, and her home-themed travel literature. Overall, Zheng’s travel writing shows positive thinking and strikes a balance between native and foreign cultures. Through her works, we can get a glimpse of German culture in terms of cultural behavior and also gains insight into the casual European lifestyle, which all make Zheng’s light prose authentic and realistic. Keywords: travel writing, home travel, customs, cultural differences, family value