2009年7月美國國務卿希拉蕊藉出席在泰國舉辦的「東協區域論壇」之際宣布「美國重返亞洲」;2012年1月5日歐巴馬出席國防部《維持美國的全球領導地位:21世紀國防的優先任務》軍事戰略報告的記者會中表示美國的軍事重心將轉向亞太地區,並率先提出「再平衡」一詞,其目的明顯的是為防止中國崛起後破壞了亞洲地區現存的權力平衡及穩定秩序。然而,中國對美國「再平衡」與「重返亞太」的多方言論不但平淡以對,在官方的發言中也表示歡迎美國積極參與亞太區域事務,並重申美中合作的基調。 2010年由美國戰略與預算評估中心發表的《空海整體戰:初始作戰概念》中提到,中國人民解放軍所發展出的「反介入」作戰能力,將使美軍在亞洲地區的兵力投射風險越來越高且將付出昂貴的代價;為此美軍特別針對具有「反介入」軍事能力的國家及考量美國未來在全球整體安全環境中的角色,而發展出「空海整體戰」作戰概念,其目的就在因應中國「反介入」戰略出現的新挑戰。 故本文將以美國的「空海整體戰」及中國的「反介入」戰略的軍事戰略變化來探討美國「再平衡」政策對亞太區域穩定及海峽兩岸的和平影響。
In July 2009, United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton joined ASEAN Regional Forum and announced US pivot to Asia policy. On January 5th 2012, US president Barack Obama attended US Department of Defense Sustaining U.S Global Leadership:Priorities for 20ST Century Defense press conference and indicated that US military will focus on Asia Pacific area, also brought up rebalancing for the first time. Obviously, goal of those statements are to prevent the rise of China destructs balance of power and stable order in Asia region. On the contrary, China makes no comment on “rebalancing” or “pivot to Asia”, only reaffirms China-US cooperation foundation and welcome US join Asia Pacific affairs in official statements. In 2010, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments issued Air Sea Battle:A Point-of-Departure Operational Concept and mentioned PLA anti-access capability will cause US higher risk and expense for force projection in Asia region. Therefore US military invent air sea battle concept to cope with countries with anti-access capability and reposition US role in global security environment. This thesis will emphasis on US air sea battle and China anti-access strategies to evaluate how US rebalancing policy affects Asia Pacific region and cross strait stability.