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  • 學位論文

海上貨物運送契約與海上貨物保險契約之交錯 - 以貨損請求權人之索賠地位為中心

An Interplay between the Contracts of Carriage of Good by sea and the Marine Cargo Policies - Focus on the Marine Cargo Claims

指導教授 : 羅俊瑋
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摘要


國際貿易為台灣經濟發展之重要支柱,相關貨物運送以海運為主,參與此海上冒險活動者,則以投保海上貨物保險之方式分散風險。然現今貨主就其所投保之海上貨物保險,許多係無益者,因某些風險係海上運送人所應承擔,無須就此投保保險。海上運送國際公約與運送契約之運送人免責條款為區隔運送人與貨主風險之重要條款,其為運送人訂定運價,保險人確定承保範圍與訂保險費率之重要依據。然因海上保險契約與運送契約間權利義務銜接不清,致產生前揭無益保險之狀態。   現今國際海上保險市場以英式保險單為主。由英國保險市場組成之貨物保險聯合委員會公布最新版本之2009年協會貨物條款。復英國海上保險法正由英國法律委員會研擬修法變動,其已於2014年1月、3月提出英國海上保險法之修正草案,若其完成修正,將對以此為準據法之協會貨物保險條款產生影響。再者,2009年生效之海上運送國際公約鹿特丹規則就運送人暨託運人之權利義務規範,亦將對海上運送契約產生變動。上述三者之修訂對於船、貨、保險三方之影響甚為重大。   為此,本論文即以鹿特丹規則通過後之運送人責任體系,佐以英國海上保險法之修正,就相關國際公約暨實務所使用之運送契約免責條款暨協會條款規定綜合加以探討,並就此對實務影響加以了解,最終對於我國相關法制規定予以比較與檢視,以供未來修法之參考。

並列摘要


International trade is the significant mainstay of economic development in Taiwan. Most of the cargos depend on ocean shipping, and the participants of shipping activities rely on international marine cargo insurance for risk distribution. Nevertheless, cargo owners these days often purchase unnecessary insurance due to the fact that certain risks should be undertaken by marine cargo carriers. The exemption clauses of international carriage convention(such as Rotterdam Rules, Hague rules, etc) and the affreightment contract are crucial clauses that differentiate risks from cargo owners and carriers. For the clauses provide definite regulations about carriers’ freight rate, insurer’s insurance coverage and rate. However, the regulations about the rights and obligations between marine insurance contract and affreightment contract are unclear that lead to the previous mentioned situation. Today United Kingdom prevails among the international marine insurance market mostly. In 2009, the Joint Cargo Committee announced the latest version of the terms, Institute Cargo Clauses 1/1/2009. In January & March 2014, the British Law Commission launched consultations on the draft clauses from the Insurance Contracts Bill, which begins to investigate and revise Marine Insurance Act 1906. Furthermore, the treaty of international maritime conventions on transport, Rotterdam Rules, enters into force in 2009. Above-mentioned three are very significant impact of shipper, cargo owner, and insurer. Therefore, in order to provide the view to R.O.C relevant legal provisions amending the law for future reference. This thesis will discuss with the regime of the Rotterdam Rules, the amendments to Marine Insurance Act 1906, and the relevant issues with international conventions.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


李挺煥(2015)。海上預約保險之研究〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201614025931
侯昱安(2015)。海上保險因果關係之研究─以英國最高法院The Cendor MOPU案為中心〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201614032520

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