- 學位論文
國民小學中高齡教師前瞻因應能力與退休規劃之相關研究-以雲嘉南地區為例
The Exploration of Relationship between Proactive Coping Ability and Retirement Planning – the Case of Elder Teachers in Yunlin and Chiayi Primary School
摘要
本研究以雲嘉南地區國小中高齡教師為研究對象，旨在探討前瞻因應能力與退休規劃的關係。本研究目的為： 一、瞭解及分析不同背景變項的雲嘉南地區國民小學中高齡教師前瞻因應能力和退休規劃的差異情形。 二、探討雲嘉南地區國民小學中高齡教師前瞻因應能力和退休規劃關係。 三、分析雲嘉南地區國民小學中高齡教師前瞻因應能力對退休規劃之預測情形。 四、根據研究結果，提供具體建議予相關單位及國民小學中高齡教師，做為國民小學屆退教師及未來相關研究之參考。 本研究以李雅慧(2012-2014）國科會計畫：預約一個成功老化的生涯--中高齡者晚期生涯因應模式之建構的「未來準備及退休規劃之研究調查問卷」為研究工具，對雲嘉南地區國小中高齡教師進行實際調查，共發出470份問卷，實得有效問卷423份，以描述性統計、平均數、標準差、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、多元迴歸等統計方法，進行分析討論，獲得以下六點結論: 一、雲嘉南地區中高齡國小教師的前瞻因應能力屬於中上等程度，以「認知」能力較佳；其次為「規劃技能」能力、而以「行動」能力較差。 二、雲嘉南地區中高齡國小教師的退休規劃屬於中等程度，以「健康醫療」層面較佳；其次為「社會參與」能力、而以「經濟規劃」層面較差。 三、教育程度碩博士(含四十學分班)以上或經濟狀況非常充裕或未婚、已婚有偶或健康狀況非常好的中高齡國小教師，其前瞻因應能力較高。 四¬、經濟狀況非常充裕或健康狀況非常好的中高齡國小教師，其退休規劃較佳。 五、雲嘉南地區中高齡國小教師的前瞻因應能力與退休規劃具有顯著正相關。 六、雲嘉南地區中高齡國小教師的前瞻因應能力能有效預測退休規劃，其中以「行動」具有預測力。 根據研究結論，本研究提出以下建議： 一、對政府機關之建議 （一）邀請積極且活躍的退休教師在「退休教師長青座談會」做經驗分享，儲備退休規劃的前瞻因應能力。 （二）成立中高齡教師聯誼社群，鼓勵教師參與並提供退休準備相關課程。 二、對中高齡教師的建議 （一）鼓勵離婚或經濟狀況差或健康狀況不佳或教育程度較低的中高齡教師，參與中高齡教師聯誼會，以增加準備退休規劃之前瞻因應能力。 （二）對於健康醫療的退休規劃持續關注，加強經濟規劃層面的準備，以達完善的退休規劃。 （三）透過學習，可以增強前瞻因應能力的提升，以利於退休規劃。 三、對未來研究的建議 就研究對象、研究變項、研究方法及研究工具等提出建議，以供未來研究之參考。
並列摘要
This study aimed to explore the relation between proactive coping ability and retirement planning and focused on the group of middle-aged and older teachers in primary schools. The purposes include: 1) to understand and analyze the differences within diverse background variables; 2) to explore the relation between proactive coping ability and retirement planning; 3) to predict how proactive coping ability influencing retirement planning; 4) to provide suggestions for government and teachers preparing retirement. Based on Ya-Hui Lee’s(2012-2014) NSC Project: Make an appointment with successful aging career: A constitution of coping model for middle-aged and older adults in late adulthood, we adapted the "Future preparation and retirement planning questionnaire" to investigate the relation between proactive coping ability and retirement planning of the middle-aged and older teachers in Yunlin and Chiayi primary schools by using descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, One-Way ANOVA, Pearson’s Correlation, Multiple Regression statistical methods. The findings are as following: 1) The proactive coping ability of the middle-aged and older primary school teachers in Yunlin and Chia-yi County are above the average and their cognitive ability is better and poor at action capabilities. 2) Their retirement planning ability is around the average level and makes proper health care plan rather than economic one. 3) The teachers with higher education (master or above), better financial situation, single, or married with spouse have greater proactive coping ability. 4) The teacher’s financial and health situation are good and they make the better retirement plans. 5) There is a significant positive correlation between proactive coping ability and retirement planning. 6) The teacher’s proactive coping ability, especially the action factor can forecast their retirement planning. In addition, this study proposed some suggestions. For instance, firstly the government can establish an middle-aged and older teacher’s networking community and encourage them to participate in and provide retirement preparation programs. Second, it should be encouraged that the middle-aged and older teachers who divorce, poor economic conditions, poor health or a lower level of education can participate in senior teachers association increasing the future preparation for retirement planning and prospective ability. Moreover, paying attention continually on health care plan may improve the retirement plan and learning is another approach to enhance the proactive coping ability. Finally, a number of perspectives of future research , such as participants, research methods, questionnaires, different variables were recommended.