數位電表應用於家庭節電節費系統之研究

Application of Smart Meters in Home Electrical Energy and Cost Saving System Research

吳文義(Wen-Yi Wu)

指導教授 ： 熊博安

國立中正大學/工學院/通訊資訊數位學習碩士在職專班/碩士(2014年)

摘要

由於現今社會科技的發達，加上家家戶戶使用了大量的電器用品，造成了用電需求越來越大，以日常生活中的家庭用電中，有許多電力是被浪費掉的，在眾多已開發的國家中，為有效的使用與管理能源，進而推動能源負載管理需求端管理，主要透過改變電力用戶之用電行為，以規劃出對用戶及電力公司互利的用電需求型態。用電需求規劃包含節約用電、降低尖峰需求、用電需求重新配置及用電需求及負載成長控制等規劃。
智慧型電表基礎建設(Advanced Metering Infrastructure, AMI)，目前西歐、美、日等國皆為節能減碳而積極發展智慧型電網，就本論文中，以自家住宅作為測量地點，取得電表數據後，以非時間計價與時間計價兩種方式做比較，再藉由節能節費系統 (Energy and Cost Saving system, ECS)，針對每日每月之電費統計做出適當的分析，可讓使用者自行設定警戒點，當電費數值達到警戒值時，系統將自動發出相對應的SMS簡訊通知、EMAIL通知之功能、自動送出I/O控制停止及啟用相關電氣設備等功能，提供使用者如何做負載的期程規劃及如何充分有效率的使用電力，以利使用者能更即時的了解家中的用電狀況，一旦發現用電量過大，或用電量異常，馬上關掉部分電器，甚至選用更節能的電器用品；而電力公司則可以透過總量管制的操控，提高供電效率，減少電力的多餘浪費。
本論文其最終目的是使一般民眾未來在台灣電力公司動態計價上獲得較好的效益，讓用電用戶與台灣電力公司之間達到互利，進而達成節能減碳的大方向。

關鍵字

負載期程規劃 ； ECS系統 ； 智慧型電表基礎建設 ； 節約用電 ； 動態計價

並列摘要

With technology advanced societies, every household uses a lot of electrical appliances, resulting in a growing demand for everyday household electricity. However, there is a lot of electricity wasted in many developed countries due to the lack in effective use and management of energy. Thus, promoting demand side energy management and load management, primarily through changes in the behavior of electricity consumers is required. We need to work out a solution that is mutually beneficial to the user and the power company. Currently, for carbon reduction Western Europe, the United States, Japan, and other countries are actively developing smart grids, which are based on the Smart Meter Infrastructure (Advanced Metering Infrastructure, AMI). In this Thesis, electricity usage is measured at users place of residence via smart meters, based on a static pricing and a dynamic pricing we compare the benefits between the two. Then using the ECS system (Energy and Cost Saving system), the daily or monthly electricity expenses are statistically analyzed. Based on this analysis, we allow users to set their own threshold values for warning users of high electricity usages. When the electricity cost exceeds a given threshold value, the system automatically sends SMS message notifications, e-mail notifications, sends I/O control commands such as stop or start relevant electrical equipment. Further, the proposed system also provides users the facility to plan load schedules and how to make efficient use of electricity. The ultimate aim of this Thesis is to make the electricity users aware of the mutual possible benefits of dynamic pricing once Taiwan Power Company starts using dynamic pricing, which ultimately will lead to overall carbon reduction.

並列關鍵字

load scheduling ； ECS system ； Advanced Metering Infrastructure ； energy saving ； dynamic pricing

參考文獻

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