三極磁浮軸承之創新式無感測控制

Innovative Sensorless Control for a Three-pole Active Magnetic Bearing System

劉康宇(Kang-Yu Liu)

指導教授 ： 陳世樂

國立中正大學/工學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

主動式磁浮軸承有諸多優點，但成本過於昂貴使其在工業上的應用不如傳統軸承來的廣泛。磁浮軸承在設計上最常見為八極式磁浮軸承，在控制時需四組功率放大器，而三極式磁浮軸承只需兩組功率放大器，可以有效的降低成本。然而，主動式磁浮軸承必須設計閉迴路控制器，因此必須透過回授訊號才能達成，此訊號通常藉由位置感測器測量得到，若感測器的解析度愈好，則價格就愈昂貴。如果能找到不需要位置感測器的情況下依然能夠回授訊號給控制器來達成整個閉迴路控制的方法，對於成本昂貴的問題又能有效的降低。
本研究主要在探討如何在不經由位置感測器的情況下對三極磁浮軸承做控制，並將其稱為三極磁浮軸承之創新式無感測控制。我們提出一種創新的方式來估測三極磁浮軸承的轉子位置，在不改變陳世樂教授所帶領的研究團隊多年來所使用的三極磁浮軸承架構下，對各個磁極分別繞上匝數相同的線圈並注入三相高頻電壓訊號，藉由量測電流配合運算技巧來估測轉子的位置。在控制器的設計上是以平滑電流控制法則為基礎所設計出來的。藉由數值模擬，本研究以證實平滑電流控制搭配創新式的無感測控制確實可行。另外，我們也以實驗驗證了此創新式的無感測控制的可行性。

關鍵字

注入高頻電壓 ； 主動式磁浮軸承 ； 無感測控制

並列摘要

Active magnetic bearing(AMB) have many advantages, but the cost is too ex-pensive for its application in industry inferior to the widespread traditional bearings. Active magnetic bearings are designed for the most common type eight-pole AMB, to be in control of four power amplifiers, and three-pole AMB only two power amplifiers can effectively reduce costs. However, active magnetic bearings must be designed closed-loop controllers, it must grant can be reached through the feedback signal, this signal is usually measured by the position sensor, but the more resolution we want, the more expensive the price is. If we can find which does not require position sensor feedback signals are still able to achieve a method to control the entire closed-loop control for costly and can effectively reduce the problem.
This thesis aimed to explore how the case without going through the position sensor on the three-pole active magnetic bearings as a control and called the innovative three-pole active magnetic bearings sensorless control. We propose an innovative way to estimate the rotor position of the three-pole active magnetic bearings. In the three-pole active magnetic bearing structure without changing Professor Shyh-Leh Chen led research team used over the years, the various poles around the same number of turns on each coil and injected into a three-phase high frequency voltage signal by measuring current with computational skills to estimate the rotor position. In the design of the controller is smooth on the basis of the current control law designed. By numerical simulation, this study confirmed the smooth current control with innovative non-sensing control is feasible. In addition, we have experimentally verified the feasibility of this innovative sensorless control.

並列關鍵字

injected high frequency voltage ； active magnetic bearing ； sensorless control

參考文獻

[1]S. L. Chen and C. T. Hsu, “Optimal Design of a Three - Pole Active Magnetic Bearing,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 38, no. 5, pp.3458-3466, 2002.

[2]G. Schweitzer, H. Bleuler, and A. Traxler, Active Magnetic Bearings: Basics, Properties and Applications of Active Magnetic Bearings, ETH Zurich, 1994.

[3]S. L. Chen, S. H. Chen and S. T. Yan, “Experimental Validation of a Current-Controlled Three-Pole Magnetic Rotor-Bearing System,” IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 99-112, 2005.

[4]C. T. Hsu and S. L. Chen, “Exact Linearization of a Voltage-Controlled 3-Pole Active Magnetic Bearing System,” IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, vol. 10, no. 4, pp.618-625, 2002.

[5]S. L. Chen, “Nonlinear Smooth Feedback Control of a Three-Pole Active Magnetic Bearing System,” IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, vol. 19, no. 3, pp.615-621, 2011.