具心率檢測與能量採集功能之心電訊號監控系統應用於車輛駕駛

本論文提出一具心率檢測與能量採集功能之心電訊號監控系統應用於車輛駕駛。本系統整合四個主要系統功能區塊：生醫訊號檢測電路、數位訊號處理器、電源管理區塊及軟體處理與顯示介面。1) 生醫訊號檢測電路，係以基於截波穩定技術(chopper-stabilizing technique)之前置放大器(pre-amplifier)和高通三角積分調變器(high-pass sigma delta modulator, HPSDM)所組成，具有高解析度、低功率消耗且低電路複雜度之特點。2) 數位訊號處理器，主要整合降頻濾波器(decimation filter)與基於小波轉換(wavelet transform)之心率檢測處理器，藉由低複雜度之小波轉換硬體實現高辨識率之演算法，提供準確的心率資訊給予後續進一步分析處理。3) 電源管理區塊，主要之功能在於由智慧型手機音源孔採集能量提供予外部模組，藉由高轉換效率之整流器與穩壓器，提供穩定電壓給其他區塊電路。4) 軟體處理與顯示介面，主要基於安卓系統開發之軟體，可經由藍芽傳輸接收前端感測資訊，並進行記錄、心率變異分析與顯示功能。此監控系統係應用在車輛駕駛心電訊號分析與紀錄，經由安裝於方向盤上之導電布感測駕駛生理訊號，透過檢測模組產生高於10位元解析度之數位輸出提供後端數位訊號處理器分析，並將心率檢測結果經由藍芽介面傳送至智慧型手機端，而心率檢測演算法在MIT-BIH資料庫驗證下，其辨識率大於99.6%。此系統當中晶片部分均以TSMC 0.18μm standard CMOS process製造，生醫訊號感測與數位處理器晶片其操作電壓均設定在1.2V。

關鍵字

車輛駕駛；心電訊號檢測；電源管理；小波轉換；數位訊號處理

並列摘要

An Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal monitoring system with heart rate detection and energy harvesting based on smart phone for vehicle driver is proposed. There are four parts in this proposed system. The first part includes the proposed high resolution and low power analog front-end chip to implement the bio-signal sensing circuits (BSC). In the second part, a digital signal processor (DSP) with high recognition rate QRS detection algorithm has been proposed. The third part is the power management with energy harvesting from smart phone. It provides the stable supply voltage to BSC and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the proposed rectifier is more than 85%. The last part realizes a data record and heart rate variability (HRV) analysis interface based on Android. The BSC sensing the bio-signal of vehicle driver from conductive fabric on steering wheel. The resolution of BSC is higher than 10 bits. The output signal of BSC can be processed by a wavelet-based QRS detection algorithm and count the R-R interval value. The algorithm which is verified with data from MIT/BIH Arrhythmia Database achieves a sensitivity of 99.68% and a positive predictability of 99.64%. Most of chips are fabricated in TSMC 0.18 μm standard CMOS process.

並列關鍵字

vehicle driver ； wavelet transform ； ECG acquisition system ； power management ； digital signal processor

參考文獻

[2] World Health Organization, “Global status report on road safety: time for action,” United Nations, Geneva, Sept. 2009.

[3] World Health Organization, “World report on road traffic injury prevention,” United Nations, Geneva, 2004.

[4] Environmental Protection Administration, 2014 Yearbook of Environmental Protection Statistics Republic of China, Aug. 2014.

[5] MOCT, 2013 Statistical Yearbook Directorate General of Highways, June 2014.

[10] C. T. Lin, C. J. Chang, B. S. Lin, S. H. Hung, C. F. Chao, and I. J. Wang, “A real-time wireless brain-computer interface system for drowsiness detection,” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 214-222, Aug. 2010.

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具心率檢測與能量採集功能之心電訊號監控系統應用於車輛駕駛

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