近年來,隨著金融全球化之下,顯示出全球金融機構家數過多、經營規模過小。因此,根據巴賽爾三階段調整資本適足率下,對於台灣地區銀行財務績效指標的影響是否有效改善,足以降低銀行未來可能會產生的資產品質不佳及風險就是一項重要的課題。有鑑於此,本研究將以台灣地區25家銀行做為觀察樣本,並採用最小平方法模型(OLS model),藉此分析1988-2013年期間,總計三階段巴賽爾條文逐步實施後資本適足率對銀行財務指標表現的影響。 實證研究比較三階段巴賽爾資本適足率調整實施後,在於其獲利能力、市場價值與過度放款的情形之差異。實證發現當BASEL III實施以後對於股東權益報酬的縮減尤其明顯,驗證到銀行財務指標在股東權益方面會受限到資本需求的提升而降低,且資本適足率對於資產報酬率的確在BASEL III的期間有最佳的優勢。且藉由資本適足率對於權益報酬率以及資產報酬率不同的影響,分別說明了巴塞爾條約,雖然大大降低了風險性,而提升了整體公司平均資產報酬率(ROA),但在股東獲利能力的確也受到銀行資本提升,而造成股東權益報酬率(ROE)的下降。以此,作為說明全球金融監理規範,巴賽爾條文是否有效且適用於台灣樣本中,並在未來配合的情形作出建議。
It appears that there are too many financial institutions with small business scales in the trend of financial globalization in recent years. It becomes an important issue to examine financial indicators to control the risk and asset quality of Taiwan’s banks according to a three-stage adjustment of capital adequacy ratio in Basel. This study adopts an Ordinary Least Squares model (OLS) to evaluate the impact of capital adequacy ratio in three-stage Basel agreements on the financial performance of 25 banks in Taiwan in the years of 1988 to 2013. Empirically compare the impact of the three-stage capital adequacy rate in Basel on banks’ profitability, over lending, and market value of assets. The results show shareholders' equity was reduced significantly in BASEL III, however, returns on assets were raised in BASEL III. The results clearly verify that in accordance with the requirement of higher capital adequacy ratio can reduce banks’ risk and enhance their overall average returns on assets (ROA). But increasing banks’ capital leads to the reduction in returns on equity (ROE). More implications of BASEL Accords on banks’ financial performance deserve future studies.