垃圾焚化底渣水洗去氯及水洗液色度去除之研究

Study on the Washing De-chlorination and De-coloring of Washing Wastewater of MSWI Bottom Ash

范哲榮(Che-Jung Fan)

指導教授 ： 黃武章

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/環境工程與科學系所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2009.00267

摘要

台灣每年垃圾焚化量約580萬噸，底渣之產生量約為85多萬噸，配合政府推行的零廢棄政策下，垃圾焚化底渣再利用量逐年提高。底渣於再利用時，其主要去除污染物之方法為水洗，而以水洗方式去除污染物則會消耗珍貴的水資源，且由於水洗後其水洗液中有高色度，於排放時將會造成民眾對於放流水產生疑慮。本研究將垃圾焚化底渣進行不同模式及固液比之水洗，以求其最佳去氯效果，再利用傅立葉紅外線光譜儀(FT-IR)及X光繞射儀(X-ray)進行特性分析。對於實驗室所開發之底渣水洗處理劑，則利用總有機碳分析儀(TOC)及紫外光/可見光分光光度計(UV/Vis)進行效益分析。最後利用感應耦合電漿原子發射光譜儀(ICP)分析底渣使用處理劑後之重金屬溶出情形。結果顯示水洗模式以逐步淘洗與震盪方式較佳，最多能增加176%氯之去除效率，而固液比1：1.5時能使去氯效果接近飽和。處理劑以配比為1：6對於重金屬溶出的效果最好。配比於1：10時有最佳之除色效果。未水洗底渣Pb和Cd於2.36 mm粒徑以下就無溶出情形；Ni、Sb、Mn則於1.40 mm以下無溶出；而Cr和Sn主要存在於相對較小粒徑的底渣之中。水洗後Na和K的溶出值比未水洗前高；Pb與Cr於水洗後全部的粒徑皆有溶出情形。

關鍵字

底渣 ； 水洗 ； 氯離子 ； 色度

並列摘要

In Taiwan the amount of municipal solid waste treated by incinerator plants is about 5.8 million tons per year, and it generates near 850 thousand tons of bottom ash. The Zero-waste Policy that the Taiwanese government carried out has led to an increase in the percentage of incinerator bottom ash recycled. The main method for the removal of contaminants from bottom ash is washing process, but it causes a high consumption of water. Also, after the washing process, the waste-water will contain heavy colors, people thus concern that it has effects upon the environment.
The purpose of this research is to test out different washing modes and various solid/liquid ratios for extracting bottom ash in order to obtain an optimum result of de-chlorination. The composites of washed bottom ash are analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry and X-Ray Diffractometer. Synthesis and efficiency assessment of prevention reagent for the color waste-water are then assayed by organic carbon analyzer, UV/Vis spectrophotometer, and Induced Couple Plasma.
The results of different washing modes and solid/liquid ratios indicate that the best washing modes are Stepwise Mode and Agitation Mode. The solid/liquid ratio was 1：1.5, and the two modes have a maximum enhancement on the de-chlorination action of 176%. The organic carbon analyzer, UV/Vis spectrophotometer, and Induced Couple Plasma show that the best addition ratio for heavy metal to leach is 1：6 and for de-coloring is 1：10. Before the washing process, Pb and Cd below the particle size 2.36mm and Ni, Sb, and Mn below the particle size of 1.40mm will not leach; whereas Cr and Sn will leach in a smaller particle size. After washing, the Na and K leaching content will be higher; and Pb and Cr will leach in all particle sizes.

並列關鍵字

Bottom Ash ； Washing ； Chloride ion ； Coloring

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