墾丁南灣海域遊憩區海洋休閒運動參與者擁擠知覺與調適行為研究

A Study of Marine Sport Participants’ Crowding Perception and Coping Behavior at Nanwan Recreational Zone in Kenting

吳靜怡(Ching-Yi Wu)

指導教授 ： 巫昌陽

國立屏東科技大學/人文暨社會科學院/休閒運動保健系所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST.2008.00293

摘要

本研究目的為探討海洋休閒運動參與者不同人口統計變項於南灣海域遊憩區從事遊憩活動時，不同參與行為在擁擠知覺、調適行為間的關係；不同擁擠知覺與調適行為間的關係；以及不同參與行為及擁擠知覺與調適行為間的關係。本研究乃以海洋休閒運動、擁擠知覺及調適行為理論為基礎，以擁擠知覺問項、調適行為量表為工具，問卷調查以南灣海域遊憩區海洋休閒運動參與者為對象，以便利抽樣調查法發放問卷300份，回收有效問卷278份，有效回收率為93％，回收資料透過SPSS for Windows12.0進行資料分析。研究發現南灣海域遊憩區海洋休閒運動參與者多為18~30歲的年輕族群，不同人口統計變項在參與行為的參與型態沒有顯著關連，但在參與行為的同伴性質及海洋休閒運動年資有顯著關連；不同參與行為在擁擠知覺沒有顯著差異；不同參與行為在調適行為沒有顯著差異；擁擠知覺在調適行為合理化、時間參與替代、空間參與替代構面有顯著差異，在產品轉移構面沒有顯著差異；在參與行為與擁擠知覺對調適行為進行二因子分析結果僅有擁擠知覺對調適行為有顯著差異，顯示參與行為與擁擠知覺對調適行為分析無交互作用存在。本研究依據結果提出建議為當地業者可依據主要海洋休閒運動族群開發新的商品以滿足市場消費者，針對第二大族群開發不同類型海洋休閒運動以增加消費者；對主管機關而言，可以嘗試以降低遊憩衝擊與維持生態永續經營的方式以及與業者進行新活動類型的協調，在活動範圍方面為避免遊憩衝突應強制執行分區使用以降低遊憩風險，另外建議主管機關以教育方式對海洋休閒運動參與者進行環境保護宣導，除可達到休閒效益及維持遊憩品質，亦可降低生態資源破壞。

關鍵字

南灣 ； 海洋休閒運動 ； 擁擠知覺 ； 調適行為

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to examine the influential factors to demographics of marine sport participants in Nanwan Recreational Zone. The participants’ reaction to crowding perception and their coping behavior. Also, this study was to find that with different participations in the recreation activity the relationship between crowing perception and coping behavior, and the different relationship between crowding perception and coping behavior in different participation action. This study was based on the theory of marine sport, crowding behavior and coping behavior. The questions were about crowding perception while the coping behavior as its Nanwan Recreational Zone statistics data. The questionnaire survey subjects were from marine sport participants in Nanwan Recreational Zone. The questionnaires were done by convenience sample survey method and distributed to the representative sample of 300 subjects, taking out of uncompleted and ineffective questionnaires; the final collection of questionnaire was at 93% with 278 samples. This survey data was processed by SPSS for Windows12.0 software. This survey found that the marine sport participants in Nanwan Recreational Zone were from 18 to 30 year-old. According to the demographic characteristics the data shows: the participation activity and way of participation had no connection, different participation behavior of partner property had remarkable connection to the age of marine sport participants, different participation behavior and crowding perception shows no connection, different participation activity shows no different in coping behavior. Regarding to crowding perception, the construction was different from coping behavior rationalization, temporal displacement and spatial displacement. However, from the result of survey the crowding perception had no significant difference in the construction of product shift. In the analysis of participating behavior and crowding perception upon coping behavior, the only significant different was crowding perception upon coping behavior while participating behavior and crowding perception shows no influence to coping behavior. According to the survey result, recommendations for local business owners, developing new production to meet the need of consumers, the marine sport participants, was a potential market. Specific to the second main group recommendation for different type of marine sport may be able to draw their attention and welling to participate. For the authority try to reduce the impact of marine sport to recreation quality and ecological sustainable development. When developing new activity the authority should work with the local business to protect the environment according to: dived different recreation sections in order to avoid unnecessary conflict and reduce recreation risk, use proper way to teach the marine sport participants to respect and protect the environment. From the eco-friendly action, not only the participants can enjoy the activity in Nanwan Recreatio nal Zone but also can protect the environment and nature resources.

並列關鍵字

Nanwan ； marine sport ； perceived crowding ； coping behavior

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