雨刷設計之分析工具模組開發與應用

Development and Application of Analysis Tool Modules for Wiper Design

蔡曜光(Tsai Yau-Guang)

指導教授 ： 王栢村

國立屏東科技大學/工學院/機械工程系所/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202100341

摘要

雨刷為汽車零組件的重要組件之一，主要清除擋風玻璃上的雨水或灰塵，對於雨刷膠條設計而言，如何提升刷拭品質是重要的議題。本文主旨發展輔助雨刷設計開發之工具，評估設計膠條之刷拭品質與振動響應，並建立實際刷拭振動與異響之量測分析流程，探討刷拭振動特性。首先針對雨刷膠條進行有限元素分析(Finite Element Analysis, FEA)，取得膠條截面各部位剛性係數，並將剛性係數與實際刷拭品質進行關聯性探討，結果顯示，膠條旋轉剛性係數較高者，其刷拭品質亦較佳，成功建立膠條刷拭性能評估指標，最後將膠條剛性係數整體分析流程，結合MATLAB軟體開發自動化分析模組，提升分析效率。雨刷於實車邊界刷拭時，不同位置具有不同的下壓力與刷拭速度，本文透過圓盤刷拭機系統，探討雨刷膠條於不同工況下的刷拭振動特性，並於靜態對膠條進行實驗模態分析(Experimental Modal Analysis, EMA)，探討系統振動模態與刷拭振動特性的關聯性。此外，透過膠條之有限元素模型進行暫態分析，模態分析與簡諧分析，模擬雨刷膠條振動與模態特性，並比對實驗結果，建構雨刷膠條模擬之分析流程。以往遇到雨刷振動噪音問題，只能以試誤法進行膠條幾何修正，因此需要建立量測分析流程，透過綜合刷拭機系統模擬實車玻璃邊界，量測異響產生時的雨刷振動特性，並透過聲學照相機定位異響位置，探討異響產生機制，最終回饋設計改善建議。本論文建立之雨刷膠條剛性係數自動化分析模組，可快速評估設計膠條之刷拭品質，而圓盤刷拭機、綜合刷拭機系統與聲學照相機之量測分析流程，能夠有效率的探討雨刷刷拭振動特性，未來可持續探討對應優良刷拭品質的膠條性能評估指標範圍，以提供雨刷膠條設計開發之參考。

關鍵字

雨刷 ； 刷拭品質 ； 膠條截面 ； 剛性係數 ； 自動化分析 ； 雨刷振動與噪音

並列摘要

The wiper, one of key components for automobiles, is to clean the rainfall or dirts on the windshield. To have a good wiping quality for the wiper blade design is of importance. This work aims to develop the assistance tool for wiper blade design and development in order to evaluate the wiping quality and vibration response. This work focuses on establishing the measurement and analysis procedures for wiping noise and vibration so as to examine wiper’s vibration characteristics. First, the wiper blade model is formulated to perform finite element analysis (FEA) and obtain stiffness coefficients for different wiper blade crosssections. The wiper blade stiffness can be correlated to wiping quality. Results show the higher blade’s rotational stiffness corresponds to the better wiping quality and the blade stiffness may provide an effective evaluation index for wiper performance study. The wiper blade stiffness analysis process is then integrated as an automatic analysis module via MATLAB to increase the analysis efficiency. The wiper blade in practical wiping on car may encounter different downside pressures and wiping velocities. This work applies the round table blade testing system to investigate wiper blade’s vibration in different operating conditions. The wiper blade in static is also performed experimental modal analysis (EMA) to discuss the correlation between the blade’s modal properties and wiping vibration. In addition, the finite element model is constructed and set up the numerical analysis process to perform transient analysis, modal analysis and harmonic analysis, respectively, for simulating blade’s vibration and obtaining modal parameters that are compared to experiments. For wiper’s noise and vibration problems, the trial-and-error method is currently and mostly adopted to examine the effect of blade geometry. It is desired to establish the standard measurement and analysis process by using the windshield wiping testing system. This work shows the measurement of extraordinary noise of wiper as well as the corresponding blade’s vibration. The acoustic camera is also applied to examine the location and generation mechanism of extraordinary noise and feedback to design consideration. This work develops the wiper blade stiffness automatic analysis module to effectively evaluate the wiping quality, and also applies the round table blade testing system and the windshield wiping testing system as well as the acoustic camera to efficiently investigate the wiping noise and vibration. The future goal is to determine the design criterion for wiper’s performance indices and seek for a good quality of wiper blade design.

並列關鍵字

wiper ； wiping quality ； blade crosssection ； stiffness coefficient ； automatic analysis ； wiper’s noise and vibration

參考文獻

Unno, M., Shibata, A., Yabuno, H., Yanagisawa, D., and Nakano, T., 2017, “Analysis of the Behavior of a Wiper Blade Around the Reversal in Consideration of Dynamic and Static Friction,” Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 393, pp. 76-91.

Sugita, M., Yabuno, H., and Yanagisawa, D., 2012, “Bifurcation Phenomena of the Reversal Behavior of an Automobile Wiper Blade,” Nonlinear Dynamics, Vol. 69, pp. 1111-1123.

Bódai, G., and Goda, T. J., 2013, “Sliding Friction of Wiper Blade: Measurement, FE Modeling and Mixed Friction Simulation,” Tribology International, Vol. 36, pp. 63-74.

Min, D., Jeong, S., Yoo, H. H., Kang, H., and Park, J., 2014, “Experimental Investigation of Vehicle Wiper Blade's Squeal Noise Generation due to Windscreen Waviness,” Tribology International, Vol. 80, pp. 191-197.

Rouzie, J. L., Bot, A. L., Liaudet, J. P., Guibert, M., Rusanov, A., Douminge, L., Bretagnol, F., and Mazuyer, D., 2013, “Friction-Induced Vibration by Stribeck’s Law: Application to Wiper Blade Squeal Noise,” Tribol Letters, Vol. 49, pp. 563-572.