泡沫混凝土隔熱性能對於節能指標之研究

本研究目的主要在研究泡沫混凝土做為屋頂隔熱材料，其隔熱性能對於建築物是否達到綠建築日常節能指標之要求。研究材料為水泥漿摻入一定比例先發型發泡劑之隔熱材料，泡沫混凝土澆置厚度均為6㎝。研究方法是利用每年6-8月北迴歸線移至臺東縣最北的長濱鄉後開始南移，除了日照的考量外並可有較均勻的日照角度，選擇在臺東縣1. 三間國小2.龍田國小3.武陵國小4.香蘭國小等四處規畫為試驗區域，每處均選擇一棟建築物屋頂版施作泡沫混凝土材料，並於1.三間國小選擇設置鋼瓦建築物2.龍田國小選擇設置太陽能板建築物3.武陵國小選擇較高建築物及樹木遮蔽4.香蘭國小選擇未加設任何遮蔽物的建築物，四種類型之建築物屋頂版，與屋頂版施作泡沫混凝土材料比較建築物屋頂版下方受熱之差異。本材料是利用發泡劑使其凝固後在固體塊中產生孔隙，利用孔隙來達到隔熱，因為孔隙內空氣的導熱係數很低，故能達到減低熱傳遞的效果；相對同一區域內屋頂版受日光照射時間相同，在相同條件情形下，屋頂板受熱後溫度應當相同，但是當屋頂版增加泡沫混凝土後其溫度應低於未設置泡沫混凝土屋頂版之溫度；如果周遭環境若有不同時則差異較不明顯。本研究結果於一般建築物屋頂增設泡沫混凝土可達到降低室溫之效果，屋頂加蓋鋼瓦屋頂、太陽能板或周邊有較高建築物及樹木時仍有降低屋頂版溫度傳導之效果。

關鍵字

泡沫混凝土；隔熱；綠建築；節能指標；發泡劑；熱傳導

並列摘要

This research mainly aims to study whether using foamed concrete as a roof’s heat insulating material,Which the performance can meet the Green Building daily energy saving indicator.The testing material of this research was that mixed cement with a certain proportion of foaming agent as a heat insulating substance. All the foamed concrete will be poured at 6 centimeters deep. This research method is based on references from previous researches,utilizing the characteristic of the Tropic of Cancer.that is each year during June to August, Tropic of Cancer will reach its most northern point in Changbin,Taitung and starts to move south. By using this,we can get more consistent sunlight angles. Four locations were chosen as testing area and they are :1.San-Jian elementary school 2. Long Tian elementary school 3. Wuling elementary school 4. Siang-Lan elementary school,In these four locations,Beside that each one has a building with foamed concrete applied on the roof board,a steel tile building at San-Jian elementary school,a building roof with solar panel at Long Tian elementary school,a taller building and shade of trees at Wuling elementary school and a building without any cover at Siang-Lan elementary school are also set up for experiment to Compare temperature differences. Each location with one building applying foamed concrete on the roof board. I also set up 1.San-Jian elementary with a steel tile building. 2. Long Tian elementary school a building with solar panels. 3. Wuling elementary school with taller buildings and shade of trees. 4. Siang-Lan elementary school a building without any kind of covering. Then I will compare these four types of roofs with roofs that were applied with the foamed concrete and monitor the differences in temperature under the roofs. The material characteristic is from the spaces produced by the foaming agent after it solidify, for heat insulation. Since the thermal conductivity of the air within these spaces is very low, it can slow down heat transfer. Under the same conditions, if being under sunlight for the same period of time, the roofs should be in the same temperature. However, if a roof was applied with foamed concrete, it’s temperature should be lower than a roof without foamed concrete. If a roof already has some other structure in it’s environment, then the difference between using the foamed concrete would be less obvious. This research result tells us, by using foamed concrete on a common roof top it can decrease room temperature.