街道揚塵洗掃作業執行成效與民眾滿意度之關聯分析-以屏東縣為例

屏東縣縣內無大型工廠，但因位於本國下風處，且受地形及氣候影響，造成易空氣品質不良之地區，尤其秋冬季節更為明顯。統計並分析近五年空氣品質監測之資料，結果指出，懸浮微粒之濃度高於空氣品質標準值佔大部份時間，顯示懸浮微粒濃度高於標準值之問題是屏東縣首先要處理之項目之一。鑒於屏東縣洗掃作業計畫已執行有22年，為了解屏東縣洗掃作業執行成效與民眾滿意度間之關聯性，本研究針對屏東近五年常態洗掃道路10條、非常態洗掃道路5條、街塵負荷量、乾沉降與民眾滿度進行相關性分析，進行各項相關因子間之關聯性。本研究選取近五年皆有連續執行之乾沉降採樣及街塵負荷量採樣之道路進行研究分析，常態洗掃路段各路段平均街塵負荷量介於0.77 g/m2~3.09 g/m2之間，平均坋土負荷量介於0.16 g/m2~1.0 g/m2之間；非常態洗掃平均街塵負荷量介於0.40 g/m2~0.69 g/m2之間，平均坋土負荷量介於0.16 g/m2~0.20 g/m2之間；乾沉降之落塵量在洗掃後第一個小時之落塵量降低幅度最高，隨時間增加而降低越少；年平均洗掃長度介於4.4km/年~39.2km/年；民眾滿意度與洗街後一小時落塵量相關為r=0.965，p<0.05顯示顯著正相關；在民眾滿意度與相關係數可推算回歸線式為： Y=89.8+0.012X1+(-10.969)X2+(-0.00096)X3+0.00077X4+0.003004X5+(-0.00271)X6+0.00023X7+0.007582X8+(-0.01306)X9。本研究經彙整分析後，可提供於政府單位進行洗掃作業與民眾滿意度之參考，而所推算出之回歸線式可做為民眾滿意度之提升依據，以增加民眾滿意度。

關鍵字

道路洗掃；街塵負荷；乾沉降；民眾滿意度

並列摘要

No large-scale factories are located in Pingtung County; however, wind carries the pollution from downwind large-scale factories to Pingtung County. Therefore, this county is affected by poor air quality, especially in the winter season. The measured suspended particle concentration in Pingtung County exceeds the air quality standard most of the time, which is a major problem. Car dust is one of the main sources of air pollution that affects paved roads. Dust cleaning and sweeping operations have been conducted in the streets of Pingtung County for 22 years. To understand the correlation between the performance of cleaning operations and people’s satisfaction in Pingtung County, this study focused on 10 roads that receive normal cleaning, five roads that receive extraordinary cleaning and the street dust load and dry settlement of both types. According to the correlation analysis and the correlation between various related factors, residents were satisfied with the cleaning measures. This study selected roads that had been subject to continuous dry settlement and street dust load sampling for the past 5 years. For the normally cleaned road sections, the average street dust load was 0.77–3.09 g/m2 and the average soil load was 0.16–1.0 g /m2. For the extraordinarily cleaned road sections, the average street dust load was 0.40–0.69 g/m2 and the average soil load was 0.16–0.20 g/m2. The quantity of falling dust was the highest in the first hour after washing and sweeping, and this quantity decreased with time. The average lengths of road subject to annual washing and sweeping were 4.4–39.2 km/year. People’s satisfaction remained the same before and after street washing. The correlation of the hourly dust fall with satisfaction (r) was 0.965, with p < 0.05. This result indicated that the aforementioned parameters had a significant positive correlation. In the multiple regression line analysis, the following formula was used: Y = 89.8 + 0.012X1 + (−10.969)X2 + (−0.00096)X3 + 0.00077X4 + 0.003004X5 + (−0.00271)X6 + 0.00023X7 + 0.007582X8 + (−0.01306)X9. The results of this study can serve as a reference for the cleaning operations performed by government units. The regression line calculated in this study can be used as a basis for implementing measures that increase the satisfaction of residents.