民眾環境態度、認知與行為之研究-以衛武營都會公園為例

全球都市致力於永續城市之發展，都市綠地如公園、休閒區都被認為是都市宜居的重要因素之一。衛武營是軍事基地遺址轉型為都會公園的成功案例，生態、自然的空間氛圍，環境規劃的創新與新穎，使公園環境知識能達寓教於樂的效果。本研究目的在探討民眾都會公園環境意識各層面之現況，分析民眾基本屬性（社經背景與環境生態保育經驗）對其都會公園環境意識的影響差異，並探討環境意識層面之間的影響情形。本研究採非隨機抽樣立意取樣方式，共發送228份問卷，回收有效問卷228份，以衛武營都會公園民眾為樣本，採用衛武營都會公園民眾環境意識的問卷為研究工具，統計分法包括敘述性統計之平均數、標準差、信度分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、事後比較Scheffé法和迴歸分析等方法進行分析，研究結果顯示如下： 1.到訪民眾男性略高於女性，年齡以30至49歲居多，教育程度以大學(專)院校為主，工作性質大多為工業，已婚者超過七成且大多數居住於高雄市本地，交通工具以汽、機車為主且第一次到訪居多，民眾通常假日來訪為主。 2.民眾在都會公園環境意識量表平均每題得到4分以上介於同意與非常同意之間，顯示民眾的環境意識相當正向積極。 3.不同教育程度、是否曾加入環境生態環保相關團體經驗、個人月收入的民眾，在環境意識上有顯著差異；而不同職業的民眾在環境意識有部分顯著差異。 4.民眾都會公園環境意識各層面之間有顯著影響性。關鍵字：都會公園、永續發展、生態系統服務功能、環境保護

關鍵字

都會公園；永續發展；生態系統服務功能；環境保護

並列摘要

The development of sustainable cities has become the focus of urban planning worldwide. Urban green spaces such as parks and recreational areas are considered one of the important factors for urban livability. Weiwuying is a successful case of transforming a military base site into a metropolitan park, where the ecological and natural space atmosphere, as well as the innovative and novel environmental planning, facilitate the incorporation of entertainment into education using knowledge related to the park and the environment. This study aimed to explore various dimensions of the public’s environmental awareness of the metropolitan park and to analyze the influences of people’s demographic attributes (e.g., socioeconomic status and experience in environmental and ecological conservation) on their environmental awareness of the metropolitan park. This study also examined how various dimensions of the public’s environmental awareness influenced one another. This study adopted a non-random and purposive sampling method. Overall, 228 questionnaires were distributed, and all questionnaires were returned and valid. Visitors to Weiwuying Metropolitan Park were recruited as participants. The research instrument was a questionnaire on the public’s environmental awareness of Weiwuying Metropolitan Park. The statistical methods used included descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), reliability analysis, independent-sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Scheffé post hoc test, and regression analysis. The results are as follows. 1.More men visited the park than women did. Most visitors were 30–49 years of age, had a bachelor’s degree, were industrial employees, and lived in Kaohsiung City. More than 70 % of the visitors were married. Most visitors visited the park during weekends and holidays by car or motorcycle, and for most visitors, the current visit was their first visit to the park. 2.For each item in the questionnaire on the public’s environmental awareness of Weiwuying Metropolitan Park, the participants scored 4 points or more on average, which representing “agree” or “strongly agree,” indicating that the public had considerably positive environmental awareness. 3.Significant differences in environmental awareness were observed between people with different education levels, with and without experience of environmental and ecological conservation, and those without, and between those with different monthly incomes. For some people with other occupations, a significant difference was observed regarding their environmental awareness. 4.Various dimensions of the public’s environmental awareness of the metropolitan park significantly influenced one another. Keywords: metropolitan park, sustainable development, ecosystem service function, environmental protection