營養知識及蔬菜喜好性對於學校午餐滿意度的探討-以屏東縣某鄉鎮國小學童為例

The studies in satisfaction levels of school lunch related to the cognition of nutritional knowledge and vegetable preferences - A case study from elementary school students in a township of Pingtung County

林渼芬(Lin Mei-Feng)

指導教授 ： 陳又嘉

國立屏東科技大學/農學院/食品生技碩士學位學程在職專班/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6346/NPUST202200216

摘要

我國每日飲食指南建議國小3-6年級學童，每日蔬菜類攝取量為3-4份，但從最新的「2017-2020年國民營養健康狀況變遷調查成果報告」顯示，年齡為7-12歲的學童每日實際蔬菜攝取份數，男性為1.9份、女性為1.6份，發現蔬菜攝取不足是目前兒童飲食營養問題之一。透過學校午餐可培養學生養成均衡飲食的習慣，但實際上蔬菜類卻是在學校午餐餐後剩餘最多的廚餘，本研究目的欲探討國小學童學校午餐蔬菜食用量低的原因，可能是營養知識不足造成其飲食行為，或學童較不喜好學校午餐供應之蔬菜，而導致蔬菜攝取量低進而影響對學校午餐的滿意度。本研究對象為屏東縣某鄉鎮國小高年級學童，採問卷調查法，回收有效問卷為249份，使用SPSS 25.0統計軟體進行資料處理。研究結果顯示：學童營養知識欠佳，於「食物的分類與選擇」及「食物的營養素」此兩構面得分率較低，建議未來可加強此兩構面的營養知識。「年級」、「性別」方面對於學校午餐滿意度皆呈無顯著性差異，未來欲提升學校午餐滿意度，不受年級及性別的影響，可轉往其他因素調查。本研究發現學童在學校午餐的蔬菜攝食量不足，於學校午餐滿意度方面，對於「蔬菜的味道」此項滿意度最低，學童的蔬菜喜好性與學校午餐滿意度呈正相關，未來設計學校午餐菜單時，可增加學童喜愛的蔬菜頻率，例如高麗菜、花椰菜、空心菜、豆芽菜、小黃瓜和小白菜等蔬菜，再配合菜色加以調整及變化，以提高學童對於學校午餐的滿意度。
關鍵字：營養知識、蔬菜喜好性、學校午餐滿意度

關鍵字

營養知識 ； 蔬菜喜好性 ； 學校午餐滿意度

並列摘要

In Taiwan daily dietary guidelines suggest that school-age children aged 3-6 in elementary schools should eat 3-4 servings of vegetables a day, but according to the latest "2017-2020 National Nutrition and Health Status Change Survey Report", The actual daily vegetable intake of the age 7-12-year-old school children is 1.9 servings for men and 1.6 servings for women. It is found that insufficient vegetable intake is one of the current nutritional problems in children's diet. Through school lunch, students can develop the habit of a balanced diet, but in fact, vegetables are the most food waste left after school lunch. Insufficient knowledge causes their eating behaviors, or school children are less fond of vegetables served in school lunches, resulting in low vegetable intake and thus affecting satisfaction with school lunches. The subjects of this study were senior students in a township elementary school in Pingtung County. The questionnaire survey method was used, and 249 valid questionnaires were recovered. SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used for data processing. The results of the study showed that the nutritional knowledge of school children was poor, and the scores in the two aspects of "food classification and selection" and "food nutrients" were low. It is suggested that the nutritional knowledge of these two aspects should be strengthened in the future. There was no significant difference in school lunch satisfaction in terms of grade and gender. In the future, if you want to improve school lunch satisfaction, regardless of grade and gender, you can turn to other factors to investigate. This study found that school children did not eat enough vegetables for school lunch. The satisfaction with "vegetable taste" was the lowest in terms of school lunch. There was a positive correlation between school children's vegetable preference and school lunch satisfaction. In the future, the school lunch menu will be designed. The frequency of vegetables favored by school children, such as cabbage, cauliflower, water spinach, bean sprouts, gherkins, can be increased at the time of serving, and then adjusted and changed according to the dishes, to improve the satisfaction of school children with school lunches.
Key words: Nutritional knowledge, Vegetable preference, School lunch satisfaction

並列關鍵字

Nutritional knowledge ； Vegetable preference ； School lunch satisfaction

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