人工濕地使用者之濕地認知、保育態度、遊憩體驗與遊憩動機之研究 - 以大鵬灣崎峰濕地及嘉蓮濕地為例

本研究針對不同設立功能人工濕地，探討其使用者之濕地認知、保育態度、遊憩體驗(自然恢復效益與景觀偏好)及遊憩動機之差異，以大鵬灣崎峰濕地(區域遊憩型)及嘉蓮濕地(社區型)為研究地點，研究結果可做為未來人工濕地保育與經營之參考依據。於兩座人工濕地現地以便利抽樣方式發放使用者問卷，收得有效樣本共計311份。其分析結果顯示，將兩種不同設立功能的人工濕地的使用者進行比較，區域遊憩型人工濕地使用者具備較高的濕地認知與保育態度，在遊憩動機上對於休憩功能的期待也高於社區型濕地使用者，而兩種濕地使用者所獲得的自然恢復效益與景觀偏好則無顯著差異。進一步比較使用者屬性發現，女性的遊憩動機比男性更在意人際互動；年齡越高的使用者，其濕地認知與保育態度都優於較年輕的族群；受過大專院校教育之受訪者，對濕地認知的得分高於國中以下學生；比起在地居民，外地遊客的濕地認知與保育態度較高，遊憩動機中亦較重視人際互動。而探討不同變項之間的相關性，結果指出當使用者在濕地獲得越高的恢復效益時，也越偏好濕地的景觀。遊憩動機對於濕地使用者之保育態度和遊憩體驗(恢復效益、景觀偏好)有一定程度的正向影響力，但對濕地認知的正向影響則較小。根據研究結果，本研究建議人工濕地管理單位可將人工濕地資源整合，提供人性化功能設施，提供實質性遊憩設備，營造多元化濕地環境景觀與體驗活動，公、私部門協力合作，使其發揮最大綜合效益。

關鍵字

人工濕地；大鵬灣；濕地認知；保育態度；恢復效益；景觀偏好；遊憩動機

並列摘要

This study aims to explore the differences in wetland cognition, conservation attitude, recreation experience (natural restoration benefit and landscape preference) and recreational motivation of its users for different functional constructed wetlands. The research sites are Dapeng Bay Qifeng Wetland (regional recreational type) and Jialian Wetland (community type). The research results can be used for future constructed wetland conservation and business reference. The study collected data in two constructed wetlands by convenience sampling, with a total of 311 valid samples. The results showed that users of regional recreational constructed wetlands have higher wetland cognition and conservation attitudes, and their expectations for recreational functions are higher than users of community wetland in terms of recreational motivation. There was significant difference in natural restoration benefits and landscape preferences between two wetland users. Further, considering users’ personal attributes, the results revealled that women's recreational motivation was more concerned with socail interaction than men; older users had better wetland cognition and conservation attitudes than younger groups. Respondents with a college education had higher wetland cognition than students below middle school level. Compared with local residents, visiters have higher wetland cognition and conservation attitude, as well as showed more social interaction in their recreational motivation. The correlation among different variables was also explored, and the results indicated that when users obtained higher restoration benefits in wetlands, they preferred wetland landscapes more. Recreational motivation has a certain degree of positive impact on wetland users' conservation attitude and recreation experience (restoration benefits, landscape preferences), but has a smaller positive impact on wetland cognition. According to the results, wetland administrations were suggested to integrate the resources of constructed wetland, provide user-friendly recreational facilities, create diverse wetland landscapes and experience activities, and cooperate with public and private sectors to maximize wetlands’ functions and benefits.