- 學位論文
機場聯外運輸對於多維度航空旅運選擇行為之影響
The influence of airport access system on the multi-dimensional choice behavior for air traveling
摘要
近年隨著全球化競爭趨勢以及各國商務經貿往來頻繁，具有商務旅運便利性之市區都會機場與具有航班密集性之大型國際機場，彼此之間存在著競合關係，因此本研究主要透過航線及接駁運具之屬性分析，以探討都會雙機場之權衡關係。實證對象以桃園機場及松山機場發展之東北亞黃金航圈，對飛航線旅客為實證分析，藉由敘述性偏好問卷將機場接駁與航線選擇之情境相結合，以提升問卷之真實性。本研究首先使用多項羅吉特及巢式羅吉特，探討變數組合間之優劣；接著探討巢式羅吉特及誤差成份羅吉特，此模式可探討兩模式間之相關性及部分重疊組合；最後運用誤差成份羅吉特與隨機誤差成份羅吉特探討方案間之異質性。實證結果顯示，隨機參數誤差成份羅吉特模式具有最佳的模式解釋力。政策模擬顯示旅客對於機場捷運中的普通車搭乘意願高於直達車，主要原因在於旅運者對於時間重視程度不同。非商務旅客時間價值較低，傾向選擇普通車，因此降低直達車票價可顯著提升其搭乘率。在機場快捷巴士下的策略下，可藉由增加班次數或增設快捷巴士專用道路，以有效縮減其接駁時間，進而提升松山機場的相對之競爭力。
並列摘要
With the increased globalization of commercial activity, the fast access of urban airport and the frequent flight of international airport lead to their relationship from cooperation to competition. This study mainly focuses on the joint choice behavior of flying route and access mode to explore the airport competition on a dual-airport metropolitan. The empirical study focused on Taoyuan airport and Songshan airport and a stated preference survey was adopted to collect the travelers’ preferences on the combinations of access modes and flying routes. This study first used the multinomial logit model and the nested logit model to find the variable combination with well fitness. Then the error components logit model used the overlapping specification of error components terms to investigate the alternative similarities. Finally, the error components logit model with the specification of random parameter was employed to explore the individual heterogeneity. The results show that the random parameter error components logit model has the best explanatory power. The policy simulation shows that travelers prefer the regular train than the direct train on the Taoyuan airport MRT. The major reason is that the evaluation of access time is different across travelers. Non-business traveler which owns the lower value of time prefers to choice the regular train. So the operator of airport MRT could use the fare discount to raise the ridership of direct train. In addition, the airport express bus could raise bus frequency or set the bus exclusive lane to reduce the access time and enhance the competitive advantage of Songshan airport.