多元信任對知識分享及績效之影響：以配適為調節效果的多層次分析

The effect of multi-dimensional trust on knowledge sharing and performance: A multilevel analysis in the moderation effect of fit

李文淮(Wen-Huai Lee)

指導教授 ： 李樑堅 ； 陳岳陽

義守大學/管理學院/管理碩博士班/博士(2023年)

摘要

知識導向的時代來臨，知識工作者之間的知識分享咸被認為是知識管理活動成效不可或缺的要素之一。藉由知識的流動，組織成員及團隊間可以將工作上的專業知識與經驗，藉由各種溝通管道的互通有無。因此，知識分享除了可視為可提昇組織成員工作績效的有效來源管道外，並可為組織內其他員工用以解決問題及創新專案的重要活動。然而在知識分享的過程中，多元信任被視為一個具關鍵的觸發角色，此兩變數之間須有因果關係，知識才能有效且透明地被傳送與接收。但信任亦有其危機與不確定性，並為一動態形成及轉化的過程，而使得其間之關係可強化或弱化。現有賴於新興科技及應用系統的進展下，若企業投資及使用得當，此知識分享的屏障得以被去除。因此，企業應針對企業目標擬定有效的知識管理策略，搭配可運用的資訊科技策略，並於兩者間獲取的有效配適度，便可強化多元信任與知識分享的關係及其績效能持續體現。
在實務上，由於知識分享不僅侷限於工作夥伴間之活動，組織所設定的規範及政策亦與知識分享的活動密不可分，進而影響到企業組織及團隊的運作，因此對實務界而言，實為一關注的議題。此外在學術研究上，目前大多數與知識分享相關的研究議題亦或僅限於知識分享的前因探討及其績效的驗證，而多層次分析的研究範疇亦侷限於個體及團隊層次的分析。而由於企業高階管理者是組織政策的主要制定者，因此，將層次分析提昇至企業組織層次實有其必要性及研究價值。因此，本研究即基植於個人及組織之綜觀層次，將組織層次的知識管理策略及資訊科技策略之間的有效配適做為強化多元信任和知識分享之間關係的解釋更為精細與豐富，以及對知識分享績效所觸發之影響。
因此，本研究主要目的即在針對「知識管理策略」及「資訊科技策略」兩者之間的策略配適，發展調節式中介理論模型進行多層次模式實徵研究分析。利用目的抽樣法蒐集1,526份針對台灣企業的有效樣本為之。研究結果顯示，知識管理策略與資訊科技策略之有效配適會強化多元信任與知識分享之間的關係，進而對知識分享績效產生顯著性的影響。知識分享中介多元信任與知識分享績效的關係亦產生顯著性的效果。因此，本研究建議企業組織在推動知識管理與知識分享的同時，祈能以宏觀策略面的觀點為之，並使組織績效與知識分享績效能在考量策略配適度的綜效影響下，獲取持續性的進展。

關鍵字

知識分享 ； 多元信任 ； 知識管理策略 ； 資訊科技策略 ； 配適 ； 多層次分析

並列摘要

Knowledge has been viewed as most important intangible asset and critical strategic resource that strengthen the competitive advantages of organizations. It is widely believed that the knowledge management projects compliant with various knowledge management strategies would allow organizations to improve the quality and quantity of knowledge, thus, benefitting from the value of knowledge.
Therefore, this multilevel empirical research at treating the fit between knowledge management strategy and information technology strategy as the boundary condition and knowledge sharing as mediation variable, that helps improve overall organizational perfor-mance. In practice, knowledge sharing is not only partly an individual activity but also in-tertwined with the policies and strategies employed by an organization. Since examining phenomena from a single level of analysis would not suffice, this research attempts to de-velop a knowledge sharing research model with multilevel perspective by integrating organ-izational and individual levels to establish a more comprehensive and integrated basis to understand the multilevel phenomena better. this research contends that fit as boundary con-dition leverages the relationship between trust and knowledge sharing, which in turn affects knowledge sharing performance.
This research develops a moderated mediation model, using Purposive Sampling ap-proach for 1,526 valid sample collected to investigated and as empirical results, strongly supports the whole model of the indirect effect of multi-dimensional trust on knowledge sharing performance through knowledge sharing is stronger when fit is higher. Practically, this study provides a study of trust the driven knowledge sharing linked to knowledge shar-ing performance. This research has demonstrated that firms should integrate both variables in organizational level as well as individual level, and that a multilevel perspective is im-portant for an organization to achieve maximal performance and obtain maximal benefit. Finally, this this research also contributes to the field by examining findings and propound-ing conclusions

並列關鍵字

multilevel analysis ； Knowledge sharing ； KM strategy ； IT strategy ； fit ； Multi-dimensional trust

參考文獻

Abrams, L. C., Cross, R., Lesser, E., & Levin, D. Z. (2003). Nurturing interpersonal trust in knowledge-sharing networks. Academy of Management Perspectives, 17(4), 64-77.

Abubakar, A. M., Elrehail, H., Alatailat, M. A., & Elçi, A. (2019). Knowledge management, decision-making style and organizational performance. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 4(2), 104-114.

Adamic, L., & Adar, E. (2005). How to search a social network. Social networks, 27(3), 187-203.

Adamides, E. D., & Karacapilidis, N. (2006). Information technology support for the knowledge and social processes of innovation management. Technovation, 26(1), 50-59.

Adler, P. S., & Kwon, S. W. (2002). Social capital: Prospects for a new concept. Academy of Management Review, 27(1), 17-40.