跨功能研發團隊中溝通模式對設計知識整合之影響

The Influence of Communication Modes Among Cross-Functional Research and Developmen Teams Regarding Design Knowledge Integration

董雅菁(Ya-Jing Tung)

指導教授 ： 葉雯玓

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

今日科技的現代社會，公司為了提升新產品研發績效，多以跨功能的團隊組織來縮短產品設計研發的時間與成本。而跨功能研發團隊來自許多不同的教育背景、工作內容等因素所組成的團員，不同領域之間的設計知識差異是否會影響團員溝通，而以何種溝通模式較能促成知識的交流，以促成團隊內產品設計研發過程的資訊及知識能夠有效的整合。因此本研究希望探討「跨功能研發團隊中溝通模式對設計知識整合之影響」，包括「跨功能展品研發團隊」、「溝通模式」、以及「設計知識整合」三方面，研究結果對跨功能研發團隊的不同部門，大多以何種溝通模式來互動，尋求最好設計知識方式來加以整合，以達到最好的團隊績效。
本研究依據研究架構中，透過文獻資料的分析發展，建立研究假設，訪談後修正問卷，主要以跨功能研發團隊的工業設計師為研究對象，針對其所組成的不同領域部門，在設計過程中溝通模式對設計知識整合之互動情況所產生之影響來加以討論。
研究結果發現工業設計師在跨功能研發團隊中以部門為單位溝通頻率由高至低分別為：研發部門，企劃行銷部門、製造部門、工業設計部門、其他部門。溝通模式與產品研發團隊成員溝通方式以「同時同地」為最多，只有與製造部門成員溝通時以「不同時不同地」為最多。
跨功能研發團隊隨著公司制度不同，工業設計師參與跨功能研發團隊的形式以固定性為最多，並且知識交流情況正面效果比其他參與形式好。調查結果顯示工業設計師在跨功能研發團隊中溝通交流知識情況整體結果偏向正面效果，設計知識討論方面偏向多以文字化或圖面化的顯性知識來作溝通，並認為團隊有在推動促進知識交流任務。

關鍵字

跨功能研發團隊、溝通模式、設計知識整合

並列摘要

In today’s modern technological society, most companies’ R&D teams are established on a cross-functional basis, in order to promote the R&D performance of new products, and to reduce the time and cost involved in product design and R&D. These cross-functional R&D teams may be formed by members with different educational and professional backgrounds. How will the divergence between the design knowledge of different fields affect members’ communications? Which communication mode will be best able to facilitate knowledge exchanges, in order to achieve effective integration of team members’ information and knowledge during the processes of product design and R&D? This study therefore aims to examine the “effect of communication mode on design knowledge integration in a cross-functional R&D team”, based on three factors: “cross-functional product R&D teams”, “communication modes”, and “design knowledge integration”. The results would then be used to identify the best method for integrating the design knowledge across different departments of a cross-functional R&D team, based on the most common communication mode used, and subsequently, to achieve the best team performance.
Hypotheses were established based on the study framework, following analysis of past literature and data. Then questionnaires were revised after interviews with the study subjects, who were mainly industrial designers from different cross-functional R&D teams. Lastly, discussions were then carried out on the effects generated from the interaction of different communication modes versus design knowledge integration in accordance with the subjects’ particular departments.
The results show that the communication frequency rankings of industrial designers with various departments in a cross-functional R&D team were, as presented from high to low: R&D, Marketing, Manufacturing, Industrial Design, and Other Departments. When communicating with members of a product R&D team, the “same-time-same-place mode” was most frequently used, while when communicating with members of the manufacturing department, the “different-time-different-place mode” was most often used.
Depending on the various corporate structures, most industrial designers participated in a cross-functional team on a fixed basis, and their knowledge exchange also had a more positive effect than did other participation modes. The results indicate that in a cross-functional R&D team, industrial designers’ overall condition of communication and knowledge exchange, tended to have a positive effect; discussion of design knowledge tended to take a written or graphical form (that is, in physical form); and teams have a positive attitude towards the promotion of knowledge exchange.

並列關鍵字

design knowledge integration ； communication mode ； Cross-functional R&D team

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