詐欺犯罪預防之個案研究

我們都有責任防止詐欺事件，然而由於對詐欺缺乏認識，使詐欺者更容易詐欺得逞。因此，本研究藉由2018年警察機關受理報案紀錄之案件，透過質性研究與立意抽樣方法，對受害者進行半結構化訪談，並歸納出此類詐欺犯罪原因之關鍵詞，進而提供政府機關未來從事犯罪詐騙預防宣導活動之參考。本研究發現詐騙集團透過電話與被害者取得聯繫，被害者接獲假冒公署檢警人員之訊息時他們很容易陷入此假情境。因此，根據研究結果，本研究對政府機構提出之建議有四項：1.完善的宣導師資培育規劃；2.完整的宣導資料呈現；3.擴大且分層對民眾宣導與溝通；4. 加強口訣「莫、前、進」。對民眾的建議：1.民眾多參與詐騙預防宣導，多關心實際案例以避免自己遭受同樣手法詐騙；2.民眾對個人資料要妥善保管；3.個人財務自行保管。社會，政府和產業都需致力於預防詐欺，以建立全民防詐意識，遏阻詐騙之橫行。

關鍵字

詐欺；假冒公署；犯罪預防宣導

並列摘要

We all have a responsibility in preventing incidents of fraud, however due to the fact that the lack of awareness about identity fraud is making it even easier for fraudsters to fraud succeed. Through the fraud cases reported by the police departments in 2018, this study thus used qualitative research, purposive sampling, and semi-structured interviews with the victims, as well as then provides keywords as the causes of this kind of criminal fraud. Furthermore, this study provides these keywords to the government departments as a reference for enhancing the activities of criminal fraud prevention, as well as to prevent that people would be falled into fraud in the future. This study found that fraudsters employ phone calls to contact with the victims. When the victims received messages from fraudsters disguised as civil servants of Prosecutors’ Office, Police Department or other government departments, they would easily be lured into the false situation. Therefore, according to the research results, there are four suggestions for the related government departments: 1. A comprehensive training for anti-fraud educators should be planned. 2. Complete education materials should be presented. 3. Hierarchal education and communication with the people should be expanded. 4. Promotion of the slogan “Do not act!” should be enhanced. For the people, there are also three suggestions: 1. People should activity participate in the activities of fraud prevention and pay more attention to the real fraud cases in order not to be cheated by the same tricks. 2. People should keep their personal information very well. 3. People should keep their personal properties very well. Society, government and industry all have a role in preventing fraud, and then to stop fraud rings from being active in the society.