電信詐欺犯罪模式與偵查之研究

A Qualitative Research of Pattern and Investigation of Telefraud

謝浚鋒(CHEN-FENG HSIEH)

指導教授 ： 黃富源

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/犯罪學研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

近幾年電信詐欺案件急遽增加，據統計每年遭詐騙損失的金額多達幾十億元，引起民眾的恐慌及政府相關單位的重視。自2003年以來犯罪者利用人頭帳戶及各類電信媒介，搭配各種名義及時事，並結合金融機構ATM轉帳之便利性，有組織的跨境詐欺集團儼然成形，犯罪集團之詐騙行為嚴重破壞國內金融體系及經濟秩序，影響國家社會至鉅。
本研究主要以質性研究之深度訪談法為主，運用立意取樣及滾雪球方法抽樣，針對電信詐欺犯罪者(五名)、實務界偵查人員(二名)、資通訊專業人員(二名)進行訪談，深入瞭解、分析電信詐欺犯罪，並將訪談所得結果以組織結構與任務分工、電信詐欺犯罪模式、利用電信工具隱匿查緝方式、偵查方法等四個面向為研究架構，據以分析訪談內容並歸納出以下重點：一般詐欺與電信詐欺之差異、電信詐欺集團組織分工、犯罪前準備工作、犯罪模式及電信金融中介之運用、電信詐欺犯罪偵查方法及偵查電信詐欺之困境。復據以建立電信詐欺犯罪模型，剖繪整體犯罪過程，並綜整出偵查方法，俾利偵查人員在偵查實務上綜覽全局。
最後，從警察機關、電信業者、金融機構、媒體及其他相關單位等面向，分別提出符合現況之偵查與防制的策略建議，以為未來制定刑事政策參據。

關鍵字

電信詐欺 ； 犯罪模式 ； 偵查

並列摘要

Reported cases of telefraud have risen at a staggering rate in recent years. According to statistics, losses incurred from frauds amount to several billions of dollars each year. It has caused panic among the commoners and has become an issue of concern for the government. Since 2003, criminals of organized international fraud starts by using dummy accounts, various kinds of telecommunication media, false names/events, and ATM transfers provided by financial institutions. The fraudulent acts of the criminal groups seriously jeopardize the domestic financial system and economic order. The social impacts on the nation as a whole are tremendous.
In this paper, in-depth interviews of qualitative researches are conducted. Purposive sampling and snowballing sampling are adopted as the sampling methods. Telefraud criminals (5 persons), investigation practitioners (2 persons), and information & communication professionals (2 persons) are interviewed to probe into and analyze telefrauds. The research framework covers interview results in four aspects: organization structure and labor division, mode of telefraud, counter-fraud avoidance (concealed identity) by means of telecommunication tools, and method of investigation. The interview contents are then analyzed and summarized as follows: differences between general fraud and telefraud, labor division of telefraud rings, preparations before committing a crime, mode of crime, and use of telecommunications and financial media, telefraud/crime investigation method, and problems encountered in investigating telefrauds. A telefraud/crime model will be set up based on the result findings. The entire crime process will be plotted and an investigation method formulated to help investigation practitioners take a better control during practical investigations.
Finally, strategic suggestions of investigations and preventions in consideration of the existing conditions will be proposed respectively from the viewpoints of police departments, telecommunication operators, financial institutions, media, and other relevant departments.

並列關鍵字

telecommunication crime ； crime pattern ； investigation

參考文獻

許春金，2007，《犯罪學》。台北：三民。

陳順和，2003，＜行動電話簡訊詐欺犯罪問題之成因與對策探討＞。《中正大學犯罪研究中心透視犯罪問題》2：3-13。

Reiboldt, Wendy; Vogel, Ronald E. 2003. A Critical Analysis of Telemarketing Fraud in a Gated Senior Community.Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect：21-38。

U.S.Department of Justice Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2005. Financial Crimes Report to the Public.

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