道路排水系統之排水口改良設計

從二十世紀以來，人類文明的快速發展與對環境的開發，導致全球的氣候有很大的變遷，而氣候變遷的結果使得極端氣候不斷地在世界各地發生。在降雨愈來愈集中及颱風愈來愈多的台灣，現行的道路排水系統根本無法及時解決瞬間突如其來的豪大雨量，因此導致許多的災害。我們必須將現有的排水系統加以重新檢討，設計出更有效率的排水系統，以及時將豪大雨排出，避免造成嚴重的災情。本研究在實驗室中，用模型重新打造出現行的道路排水系統，進行模擬操作，並設計出新的道路排水系統，新的道路排水系統是利用路面底下中間的空間，多加一個大的排水管來增加排水的空間。實驗時採用一定的倒水量與倒水速度來模擬降雨，比較新舊兩者在相同的降雨環境條件下之排水效率差異，藉此客觀的實驗來探討道路排水系統並提出改善方案。研究結果顯示，新的道路排水系統在排水效率上，比舊的道路排水系統有顯著性的改善。改良過的道路排水系統，能讓道路容納比之前多38%的瞬間降雨量，或是超過容納限度時，能比之前減少38%的積水時間。此研究結果可提供給政府相關單位及相關的設備廠商，作為未來規劃與設計之參考。

關鍵字

排水；模型；實驗

並列摘要

Since the twentieth century, the rapid development of human civilization and the development of the environment have led to great changes in the global climate, and the results of climate change have caused extreme climates to continue to occur throughout the world. In Taiwan, where rainfall is becoming more concentrated and typhoons are increasing, the current road drainage system simply cannot solve the sudden and sudden heavy rainfall in time, thus causing many disasters. Therefore, we must review the existing drainage system and design a more efficient drainage system to expel the heavy rain in time to avoid serious disasters. In this study, in the laboratory, the model was used to recreate the existing road drainage system, perform simulation operations, and design a new road drainage system. The new road drainage system uses the space under the road surface and adds a large drainage pipe. To increase the drainage space. During the experiment, a certain amount of water poured and the speed of water poured were used to simulate rainfall, and the difference in drainage efficiency between the old and the new under the same rainfall environmental conditions was compared. The objective experiment was used to explore the road drainage system and propose improvements. The results of the study show that the drainage efficiency of the new road drainage system is significantly improved over the old road drainage system. The improved road drainage system can allow the road to contain 38% more instant rainfall than before, or when it exceeds the accommodation limit, it can reduce the water accumulation time by 38% than before. The results of this study can be provided to relevant government units and related equipment manufacturers as a reference for future planning and design.