屏東縣登革熱社區宣導效益與精進策略之探討

Discussion on the Propaganda Benefits and Exploring Strategies for refinement of Dengue Fever in Pingtung County

江麗香(Li-Xiang Jiang)

指導教授 ： 楊東震

義守大學/管理學院/管理碩博士班/碩士(2018年)

摘要

登革熱防治是屬於社區疾病防治工作，跟人的行為和流動有密切相關。目前有六種登革熱偵測方式，分別是臨床偵測、病毒偵測、血清偵測、病媒偵測、環境偵測及社會偵測。其中，社會偵測是為了解疫區居民對登革熱病媒的了解與防治意願配合度，及公共衛生的知識、態度、行為，而不同流行區與不同年齡層，甚至是訊息得知的管道，都可能影響民眾主動動手管理環境並改變環境病媒蚊密度的意願及行為，而要讓民眾由內而外的進行防治行為是防疫成敗的主要關鍵，因此，與民眾溝通重要性漸漸被公共衛生界重視。
而防治意願配合度就是民眾願意進行環境管理的配合度，而環境管理需要民眾主動執行才能發揮有效預防疾病的效果；因此，為了解屏東縣民眾接收登革熱訊息管道及關於對登革熱防治的行為態度、主觀規範、知覺行為控制及行為意向之探討，因而設計此次的研究內容，以提供政府機關將來擬定對民眾溝通的政策方向。
本研究使用以計劃行為理論架構擬定之問卷，選取屏東縣歷來風險較高的80個村里的民眾，採便利收樣法以了解屏東縣民眾對於登革熱之知識、態度、預防行為及影響其知識、態度、預防行為之因素及相關性。將取得之有效問卷回收後查看內容是否填答完整，未填答者以遺漏值計量，共發放561份問卷，回收561份，總回收率100%。有效問卷共有561份。問卷填答內容經由Excel輸入後，續以統計軟體SPSS18.0版進行統計分析。 結果發現民眾對於防治登革熱的行為態度、主觀規範及知覺行為控制都對行為意向有正向的影響，且由迴歸分析發現知覺行為控制對行為意向的影響最大，意即防治登革熱的方法愈容易實行則民眾愈願意進行防治行為。至於宣導管道的效益則發現由衛生單位宣導的管道對四個構面都有正向影響並有統計學上的意義。

關鍵字

登革熱 ； 宣導效益 ； 精進策略 ； 計劃行為理論

並列摘要

Dengue fever prevention and control is a community disease prevention work and closely related to human behavior and mobility. There are currently six dengue detection methods, namely clinical detection, virus detection, serum detection, vector detection, environmental detection and social detection. Among them, the social detection may show out the willingness and behavior of the people to actively manage the environment and change the density of mosquitoes in the environment. It is even probably the main key to control people’s public behavior from the inside out. Therefore, the importance of communicating with the public is gradually being valued by the public health community.
The degree of willingness to prevent and treat is the degree to which the public is willing to carry out environmental management. Environmental management requires the active implementation of the people to play an effective role in preventing disease. In order to understand the information channels of dengue fever received by people in Pingtung County and their attitude toward dengue fever control. We design this research content to detect the people’s subjective norms, perceptions of behavioral control and behavioral intentions to provide government agencies in the future to formulate a policy of communication to the public.
This study used questionnaires based on the theory of planned behavior to select people from 80 villages that had historically been at high risk in Pingtung County and adopted a convenience sampling method to understand the knowledge, attitudes, preventive behaviors and impacts of Dengue fever in Pingtung County. A total of 561 questionnaires were distributed and 561 were recovered. The total recovery rate was 100%. After the content of the questionnaire was input via Excel, statistical software SPSS 18.0 was continued for statistical analysis. The results showed that people’s behavioral attitudes to prevention and control of dengue fever, subjective norms, and perceptual behaviors all had a positive effect on behavioral intentions. Regression analysis found that perceived behavioral control had the greatest impact on behavioral intentions. It may mean that the methods for preventing and treating dengue fever are easier to implement, the more people are willing to conduct prevention and treatment. As for the benefits of the propaganda pipeline, it was found that the pipeline from Health agency advocacy had positive effects on all four facets and was statistically significant.

並列關鍵字

Dengue fever ； Propaganda Benefits ； Refinement strategy ； Theory of Planed Behavior

參考文獻

台灣省傳染病研究所編印：台灣省防治登革熱工作手冊，1988，1-25。

科技部：登革熱的台灣經驗。2016，11。

衛生福利部疾病管制署傳染病統計資料查詢系統. Available at：https://nidss.cdc.gov.tw/ch/SingleDisease.aspx?dc=1&dt=2&disease=061

謝志徫、賴淑寬、張筱玲、邱展賢（2006）。氣象資料與登革熱病媒蚊幼蟲密度級數之相關性研究。疫情報導22，746-765。

E. A. Jenner,P. W. B. Watson,L. Miller,F. Jones &G. M. Scott (2010). Explaining hand hygiene practice；An extended application of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Psychology,Health and Medicine,2010 Aug，311-326.