不同灌溉水對屋頂綠化植栽生長影響之研究

nfluences of Different Irrigation Water on Plant Growth at Roof Gardens

施几文(Chi-Wen Shih)

指導教授 ： 張莉欣

朝陽科技大學/設計學院/建築及都市設計研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

屋頂綠化能夠緩和都市熱島效應，利用水資源回收系統所收集之中水及雨水灌溉屋頂綠化之植栽，可達到節水之永續目標。本研究以實驗法探討校園以集約式與薄層式兩種屋頂綠化型式配合水資源再利用回收系統所收集之水源進行植物澆灌，探討不同類型植物以不同水源澆灌對其生長之影響性。實驗地點為朝陽科技大學設計大樓九樓屋頂露天之環境，集約式屋頂花園植物澆灌實驗針對5種多年生草花植物以朝陽科技大學水資源回收再利用系統所收集之二種水源（雨水、中水）及一般自來水進行澆灌，探討三種澆灌水對綠化植栽之生長情形，調查項目包括「株高」、「冠幅」、「節間數」、「花朵數」、「葉片數」等；薄層式綠屋頂植物澆灌實驗則針對6種多年生草本植物以兩種水源（雨水、中水）進行澆灌，探討不同澆灌水對綠化植栽生長情形之影響，調查項目為「覆蓋度」。
結果顯示：集約式屋頂花園植物澆灌實驗之綠化植栽，日日春、藍星花及繁星花，三種植栽以中水澆灌的效果顯著優於自來水與雨水灌溉，於株高、冠幅、節間數及葉片數等項目有顯著差異。薄層式綠屋頂植物澆灌實驗結果顯示：於6個月的試驗期間百慕達草、洋吊鐘、落地生根及鋪地錦竹草，以中水與雨水澆灌組別之覆蓋度相差不多；聖奧古斯丁草以雨水澆灌組別之覆蓋度較中水澆灌組別高；松葉景天以中水澆灌組別之覆蓋度較雨水澆灌組別高。本研究建議屋頂綠化植栽若以中水澆灌可以選用松葉景天、日日春及繁星花；若以雨水或中水澆灌，百慕達草、洋吊鐘、落地生根、鋪地錦竹草與藍星花可獲得較佳綠化效果。

關鍵字

屋頂花園 ； 雨水 ； 中水 ； 屋頂綠化

並列摘要

According to literature review greening rooftop could ease urban heat island effect. Using gray water and rain water obtained by water resources recycle system for irrigation has further reinforced the sustainable approach. In this research the experiments have designed to explore how plants react to different irrigation water for two types of roof gardens, intensive type and thin- layer type. The experiments were conducted on the open air rooftop of the ninth-floor Design College Building of Chaoyang University of Technology. According the research objectives for intensive roof garden five varieties of perennial herbaceous plants were selected to be irrigated by rain water, gray water or tap water respectively. Plant height, canopy size and numbers of nodes, flowers and leaves of treated plants were measured in a regular interval. For the thin layer-type roof garden six different types of herbaceous plants were chosen to explore influences on plant growth under the different types of water treatments. Coverage was employed as a growth index for this experiment.

The result showed that for intensive green roofs plant irrigation experiment the plants irrigated with gray water grew significantly better than those watering with rain water or tap water on node numbers, canopy size and leaves numbers for Oxypetalum caeruleum, Vinca rosea and Pentas lanceolata. In thin-layer roof garden plant watering experiment the results revealed that within 6 months the growth of Cynodon dactylon, Kalanchoe tubiflora, Kalanchoe pinnatum and Callisia repens in rain and grey water treatment showed no difference on their coverage. Stenotaphrum secundatum showed better coverage when they received rain water. The better coverage of Sedum mexicanum was expressed if grey water was used to water them. In conclusion according to research results gray water would be recommended when cultivate Sedum mexicanum, Vinca rosea and the Pentas lanceolata in a roof garden. Cynodon dactylon, Kalanchoe tubiflora, Kalanchoe pinnatum, Callisia repens and Oxypetalum caeruleum irrigating with rain water or grey water would perform equally well in the rooftop.

並列關鍵字

Rooftop greening ； Rain Water ； Grey Water ； Roof Garden

參考文獻

9. 朱文生，2006，"永續的水資源"，《全球變遷通訊雜誌》，第49期，pp.5～9。

41. 葉欣誠、陳珊玫，2004，"都市廢污水再利用之標的選擇-以高雄市中區污水處理廠為例"，《高雄師大學報》，第16期，pp.385~402。

47. 歐文生、林憲德、荊樹人，2006，"景觀化人工濕地淨化校園污水效益與公共衛生之研究"，《建築學報》，第56期，pp.183~202。

50. 鄭政利、高國峰，2001，"建築外牆綠化效果可視化之觀測與定量解析"，《建築學報》，第38期，pp.101~114。

6. 王裕文，2001，"草坪草之生態、分佈與利用"，《中華民國雜草學會會刊》，第二十一卷，第一期，pp.1~16。