本文利用台灣地區1998年至2007年資料,探討社會福利支出對人力資本、經濟成長及所得分配的關係,並利用聯立方程式三階段最小平方法進行研究。本研究主要發現有(一)縣市的社會福利支出對人力資本的影響並不顯著的,但經濟發展支出、服務業人口比、工業人口比、人口年老化及可支配所得,均具有顯著的影響,且隨著時間有與日俱增的趨勢。(二)縣市社會福利支出有促進穩定經濟成長的效果。(三)社會福利支出雖具改善貧戶基本生活品質的功能,但亦有導致所得分配惡化的可能。而教育和工業發展是改善貧窮,抑止所得分配不均的方法。在縣市貧窮人口比例中以中部地區縣市最低;東部地區各縣市貧窮問題最嚴重。而地區就業者的教育程度愈高,其所得分配的惡化程度愈明顯。
This thesis used the data of prefectures of Taiwan from 1998 to 2007 to discuss the impact of the social security expenditure on the human capital, the economy growth and the income distribution relations. The research was conducted by using the simultaneous equation and three-stage least squares law. The main results are shown as follows:(1) The influence of social security expenditure was not significant on the human capital. However, it was significant on economy development expenditure ratio, the service industry population ratio, the industry population ratio, the ageing population ratio and the disposable income. The influence progressed over time. (2)The social security expenditure had the effect on promoting the stable economy to grow. (3)Although social welfare expense improved the basic life standard of poor families, it had the possibility to worsing the income distribution. Education and industrial development are two good ways to improve poverty and imbalanced income distribution. The proportion of the poor population was the lowest in central Taiwan, and it was the highest in the eastern region. The higher the local employees'' education level, the worse the income distribution.