建築生命週期能源使用量與形體參數之研究─以台中市辦公類建築為例

為探討建築生命週期能源使用量與建築形體的關係，本研究將針對目前台灣耗電量大的辦公類建築作為樣本，採用形狀因子（f值）理論、形體係數（S/V比）理論及外周區理論進行分析。本研究以立意抽樣方式選出台中市辦公建築作為設定參考案例，於相同體積下設計出六個形體參數方案進行分析，加入外周區理論及開口率作為模擬條件，並採用Revit軟體進行能源模擬，探討不同方案對生命週期電力使用及能源成本的影響，將模擬後的結果利用SPSS進行統計分析。研究結果將有助於設計者在建築規劃前期階段進行建築生命週期能源使用量的評估。研究發現：（一）在形狀因子理論方面，因只對平面進行探討屬於概略推算，無法達到有效的評估；（二）在形體係數理論方面，加入了高度的觀念進行演算，結果顯示形體係數理論與生命週期能源使用量有密切關係；（三）在形體參數方案方面，依據生命週期能源使用量多寡，建議其選擇方案順序為寬矮形優於兩邊不等長之L形、兩邊等長之L形、長低形及長高形，最不利使用者為細高形；（四）在外周區理論方面，建議仍保留其分析，以達到更準確之概念量體分析結果；（五）在開口率方面，不同比例開口率與生命週期能源使用量具有顯著差異，因此需選擇適當的開口率來進行發展。整體而言，在其他相同條件下，細高形方案不論開口率多少能源使用量皆高出許多，較不建議使用；寬矮形方案能源使用量在所有案例中最低，顯示為較節能之方案。此外，BIM的使用將可提供設計者在規劃前期進行方案選擇，預先瞭解方案之能源使用量。

關鍵字

Revit ；形體參數；生命週期能源使用量

並列摘要

In order to discover the affect between energy consumption and form parameters of building life cycle,this research used samples of the office buildings with large power consumption in Taiwan.This research used the shape factor (f-value) theory,the form coefficient (s/v) theory and the perimeter area of building theory were analyzed. This research chose Taichung office building as the example case by purposive sampling.A sample of six form parameters was designed under the same volume to analyze.The perimeter area of building theory and the opening ratio are set as simulating conditions.This research used REVIT software to simulate the impact of different schemes on life cycle energy consumption and energy cost.The results of simulation was used to SPSS analyze the data,and produce the results of the research will help the designer to evaluate the energy consumption of the building life cycle during the design. Research found：(1)In the aspect of shape factor theory,it is not possible to achieve an effective evaluation purpose since it is a rough calculation with only the plane discussion.(2)In the aspect of form coefficient, the theory of form coefficient is closely related to the energy consumption of life cycle by adding a high concept of calculation.(3)In the form parameters scheme,according to the energy consumption of life cycle,below is the order of scheme selection,the square plane with lower level has the lowest energy consumption than the L-shape plane with unequal length,the L-shape plane with same length,the rectangle plane with lower level,the rectangle plane with higher level,and the square plane with higher level has highest consumption.(4)In the perimeter area of building theory,it is suggested that the use of perimeter area should be retained to achieve more accurate of concept volume analysis results.(5)In terms of opening ratio,there are significant differences between the opening ratio and life cycle energy consumption,so it is necessary to choose the appropriate opening ratio for development. Overall,under the same conditions,the use of the fine-shape scheme is not highly recommended.It has the highest energy consumption,regardless of how much opening ratio.On the other hand,the wide-profile scheme has the lowest energy consumption in all cases,and it saved energy the most.In addition the use of BIM will provide designers with the option to plan ahead and understand the energy consumption of the program in advance.