全面品質管理實務與競爭優勢間的關係

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND COMPETITIVE PRIORITIES

吳佩瑩(Pei-ying Wu)

指導教授 ： 葉焜煌

大同大學/經營設計學院/事業經營學系所/碩士(2004年)

摘要

有關推行TQM對於績效所產生的影響，近年來許多實證研究結果，存有不一致的論點。部份學者相信，TQM活動確實能對工廠的品質及生產力有正面影響，並可降低內外部剔退及降低生產時間及產生競爭優勢。而本文的目的便在研究TQM實務與競爭優勢間的關係，並希望以此研究結果提供給業界作為參考用。
本文以台灣地區515家中小企業製造商，以及35家中華民國國家品質獎的得主為對象，以郵寄的方式寄發550份問卷，實際回收106份問卷，其中包含7份無效問卷，回收率19.3%。然後利用結構方程式模型探討TQM實務與競爭優勢間的關係。
本文發現領導、經營理念與策略對人力發展與知識管理、供應商管理、研發與產品設計有正向影響。領導、經營理念是全面品質管理的首要實務，也是絕不可或缺的要項，在實施全面品質管理其為最重要的因素，沒有經營者的承諾與支持，組織變難以推行品質活動；人力發展與知識管理對資訊策略、應用與管理有正向影響，廠商應該要設立良好的員工訓練機制以及知識管理機制，使公司內的資訊得以流通；資訊策略、應用與管理對供應商管理有正向影響，公司應該發展一套資訊系統來有效管理供應商；供應商管理對流程管理和彈性有正向影響，廠商若是能夠與供應商共同合作則可以創造在市場上競爭的優勢；最後本研究也發現研發與產品設計對彈性有正向影響。本文雖仍有部分假設未成立，但是國內外諸多學者也作過此方面的研究，全面品質管理實務與競爭優勢間確實存在正向關係，也是不容忽視的。
本文之建議如下：
1. 實行TQM實務的首要條件要獲得經營當局的承諾與支持。
2. 有效實行TQM也需對全面品質管理實務做一徹底的執行。
3. 有效執行TQM活動俾能改善競爭優勢。

關鍵字

全面品質管理實務 ； 競爭優勢

並列摘要

Recent years, many empirical research results of implementing TQM and their effects on performance have different view points. Some scholars believe that TQM activities indeed have positive impact on firm’s quality and productivity, and reduce production time and then create competitive priorities. The objective of this study is to find out the relationship between TQM practices and competitive priorities, and hope the result of this study could provide some suggestions for the managers.
This study sampled 515 the small and medium enterprises manufactures in Taiwan with simple random sampling method and 35 manufacturing corporations which had received national quality award. A total of 550 manufacturing corporations were each sent the questionnaire. There are 106 returned questionnaires, response rate is 19.3%. And then use structural equation model to study the relationship between TQM practices and competitive priorities.
This study proves that management leadership is positively related to human resource and knowledge management, supplier management and R&D and product design. Leadership is the first important practice of TQM. It’s hard to implement quality activities without top management’s commitment and support. Human resource development and knowledge management is positively related to information strategy, application and management. Firms should develop good mechanism to train employees, and a knowledge management concept should be well developed. Information strategy, application and management is positively related to supplier management. It means firms should build up information system to manage suppliers effectively. Supplier management is positively related to process management and to flexibility. Firms should collaborate with suppliers thus create competitive market advantages. Research and development, product design is positively related to flexibility. Although some hypotheses are rejected, they should not be ignored because many studies had proved that there are positive relationship between TQM practices and competitive priorities.

並列關鍵字

competitive prioriteis ； TQM practices

參考文獻

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