設計師認知風格對團隊溝通與問題解決的影響

THE INFLUENCE OF DESIGNERS’ CONGNITION STYLES ON THEIR TEAM COMMUNICATION AND PROBLEM-SOLVING

陳宜文(I-Wen Chen)

指導教授 ： 葉雯玓

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

人是群居的動物，因此「溝通」是生活與職場中，時常要面對的重要課題。此外，隨著科技及產業的快速變遷，人們除了要有良好的溝通能力與專業知識外，也必須具備「問題解決」能力。對設計師而言，「團隊溝通」與「問題解決」很重要，因為業界常以「團隊合作」的方式，請設計師執行設計案，且「設計」就是一個解決問題的方式。另一方面，每個人都是單獨的個體，擁有屬於自己的想法、觀念、態度與處事方法，「認知風格」正是影響個體內在思考的因素。因此本研究希望探討「設計師認知風格對團隊溝通與問題解決的影響」，包括「溝通模式」、「問題解決方式」以及「團隊溝通與問題解決的自我評價」三方面，將研究結果運用於設計團隊的互動與管理上，對主管選擇設計團隊成員、設計師間的合作相處與設計案的執行解決，都有所助益。

本研究探討之「溝通模式」包含「頻率」、「方向」與「內容」三方面；「問題解決方式」包含「態度」與「歷程」二方面；「自我評價」包含「溝通滿意度」、「溝通品質」與「問題解決滿意度」三方面。研究方法利用「認知風格量表(Cognitive Style Index)」將設計師認知風格區分為「直覺型」與「分析型」，再請設計師以認知同質性之團隊合作的方式進行溝通來解決問題。研究結果顯示：設計師認知風格對「團隊溝通」與「問題解決」的確有影響。「分析型」和「直覺型」設計師在「團隊溝通」與「問題解決」上，會有不同的特色。「分析型」設計師較適合執行嚴謹、具規範與機能取向的設計案；而「直覺型」設計師則較適合執行隨性發想、無特定規範與趣味取向的設計案。設計部門主管在編組設計團隊時，應視設計案的性質與訴求，或設計預期目標的特性，找出最適合的設計團隊組員，如此才可發揮團隊合作的最大效力。

關鍵字

問題解決 ； 團隊溝通 ； 認知風格 ； 溝通

並列摘要

Human is a kind of animal which live in groups. Therefore, “communication” is a critical issue in our daily life and in jobs. Due to the rapid change of technology and industries, in addition to a good communication ability and professional knowledge, “problem solving” is another key ability. For designers, “team communication” and “problem solving” are relatively important since “team work” is a common pattern for design projects and basically, “design” itself is a way to solve problems. Moreover, everyone is an individual with unique thoughts, concepts, attitudes and social skills. “Cognition style” is the factor which affects the individual internal thinking. Therefore, this study mainly discusses “how the designer’s cognition style affects team communication and problem solving”. The study is focus on 3 parts: “communication modality”, “problem solving methods” and “self evaluation of team communication and problem solving”. Results obtained from this study will be applied on the interaction and management of design team and will be helpful for the selection of design team members, cooperation and interaction among designers and the planning and execution of required design projects.

“Communication modality” discussed in this study include 3 aspects: “frequency”, “direction” and “content”; “problem solving” includes 2 aspects: “attitude” and “process” and “Self evaluation” includes 3 aspects: “communication satisfaction”, “communication quality” and “problem solving satisfaction”. CSI (Cognition Style Index) is used to divide designer’s cognition style into “intuitive” and “analytic” styles and designers is organized in team, work and communicate together to solve problems. The study shows that designer’s cognition style will affect “team communication” and “problem solving”. Meanwhile, “analytic” designers and “intuitive” designers have different characteristics on “team communication” and “problem solving”. “Analytic” designer has better performance in design project which is functional orientated, requires precise and exact and with clear specifications. In contrary, “intuitive” designer is good at design project which has a lot of freedom, without defined specifications and is funny orientated. Therefore, manager of design department who want to organize a design team shall depend on the features and the purposes of the design project to pick designers.

並列關鍵字

communication ； congnition style ； problem solving ； team communication

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