工作特性、工作倦怠與職業承諾相關之研究-以台灣銀行產業為例

Job Characteristics, Burnout, and Occupational Commitment in the Banking Context

蔡蕙安(Hui-An Tsai)

指導教授 ： 孫碧娟

大同大學/經營設計學院/事業經營學系所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

根據國家職業與衛生機構的調查，有一半以上受雇的美國人感覺工作壓力在他們許多長期的健康問題中扮演著重要的角色。然而工作環境的需求與許多工作相關的壓力源都可能與員工所從事的產業有關，工作倦怠即是面對各種壓力源所產生的一種回應。因此本研究將針對工作特性對工作倦怠的影響加以探討。此外，工作倦怠往往與缺席、離職、生產力的減弱和職業承諾的降低有關(Schaufeli et al.,1998; Maslach, 2001)。因此我們必須去了解工作倦怠對職業承諾的影響並加以管理，使的公司能維持它的競爭力和生產力。
工作倦怠的現象雖然在不同的職業中都被觀察到，如:看護工( Bühler and Land, 2003)、工程師(Bacharach et al 1991)和志工(Bakker al., 2006)等，而相關研究很少探討銀行業。此為本研究以台灣銀行業為研究對象探討工作特性工作倦怠與職業承諾之間的關係。以便利抽樣方式進行問卷調查，三百零九份有效問卷的資料經過線性結構分析後發現：
1.工作特性與工作倦怠普遍具有負向關係，然而值得注意的是工作多樣性與工作倦怠呈正向關係。
2.工作倦怠與職業承諾有負向關係，即工作倦怠程度越高員工對職業的承諾越低。
3.人格特質之內、外控傾向對工作特性與工作倦怠間具干擾效果。

關鍵字

工作特性 ； 工作倦怠 ； 職業承諾

並列摘要

According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, more than half of employed Americans feel that job stress is a major problem in their lives. Stress plays an important role in a number of chronic health problems. The demanding work environment and many job-related stressors are likely to be pertinent to the employees engaged in this industry. Burnout was a pattern of responses resulting from a variety of stressor. For these reasons, this study explored that relationship between job characteristics and burnout. Burnout is always associated with absenteeism, turnover, reduced productivity or effectiveness and lower organizational commitment (Schaufeli, 1998；Maslach, 2001). Thus, we have to understand how to manage it to make company maintain its competitiveness and productivity.
The burnout phenomenon has been observed in different occupational groups, including intensive care units (Bühler and Land 2003), engineers (Bacharach et al., 1991), and volunteers (Bakker et al., 2006). There has been little research into the burnout issue focusing specifically on the banking industry.
This study examined the relationships among job characteristics, burnout, and occupational commitment in Taiwan banking service context. There are 309 questionnaires collected by convenient sampling. After using structural equation model , this study will draw several conclusions：
1.The higher job identity, job significance, autonomy, and feedback, the lower burnout that employees have, especially significance has negatively significant effect on burnout. But job variety shows positively significant effect on burnout should be noticed.
2.Burnout has negatively effect on occupational commitment.
3.The locus of control moderated the relationship between job characteristics and burnout.

並列關鍵字

job characteristics ； burnout ； occupational commitment

參考文獻

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