嗅覺氣味刺激對工作績效之影響 以電腦文書工作者為例

The Effectiveness of Scents on the Performance of Using Word Processing Systems

陳立欣(Li-Hsin Chen)

指導教授 ： 林季雄

大同大學/設計學院/工業設計學系所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

當人類的聽覺與視覺漸被滿足後，嗅覺產品的開發及氣味對使用者的行為影響
是設計領域尚待探討的新議題。儘管在有限的學術研究結論中，研究者大多肯定配
適良好的環境氣味，確實可以有效增進產品使用者的滿意，然而對於產品使用者感
受氣味刺激後是否會影響行為表現，所知仍極為有限。本研究主要以探討氣味是否
影響電腦使用者的工作表現為主要目的，依據所歸納出的氣味屬性因素，觀察氣味
散播的時間頻率對受測者在文書工作實驗的績效影響、心理感受及產品設計建議。
　　本研究第一階段進行氣味喜好的測試，使用二十種市售天然精油商品作為正面
氣味樣本，對受測者進行氣味喜好評估及問卷調查。另外，進行電腦文字輸入工作
的狀態測試，以取得受測者在連續文字輸入工作的可承受工時，作為實驗的測試時
間。
　　根據第一階段的測試結果，挑選出最受歡迎的三種氣味，其分別代表舒適、清
新提振、個人喜好三種氣味屬性，進行工作績效影響測試。並設定五種不同的氣味
散播時間頻率，透過三個小時的客觀工作績效測試及主觀感受問卷，進行分析與比
較。最後，透過深度訪談，了解受測者對嗅覺產品使用的心理感受及設計建議。結
果發現，清新提振性質及個人喜好的氣味對長達三小時的電腦文字輸入工作的績效
提升較具影響力，舒適性質的氣味在績效提升方面較不明顯，但能使受測者主觀認
知工作績效提升。受測者在實驗後的深度訪談中對嗅覺產品的使用及設計提出想法
及建議，並期待此產品有更好的發展。

關鍵字

感性工學 ； 體驗行銷 ； 氣味 ； 嗅覺 ； 深度訪談

並列摘要

When human’s desires of hearing and vision are satisfied gradually, development of olfactory product and the influence of its odor to the users’ behavior are still the new topics waiting to be discovered in the design field. Although in the limited academic research, most of the researchers agree that the environment with good odors can promote apparently the satisfaction of the olfactory products users, whether the behaviors of the users will be affected by the stimulation of odors is still unclear. This study is mainly aimed to discuss whether odors can influence work efficiency of the computer users, observe how the spreading time and frequencies of odors influence the testees’ paperwork performance in the experiment according to the concluded properties of odors, and know their psychological feelings and suggestions for design of the product.
　　The first phase of this study was testing what odors people like; we took 20 kinds of natural essential oils sold in the market as the positive samples to evaluate the testees’ likes for the odor and investigate them with questionnaires. In addition, we tested the testees’ working state of inputting words in computers and took the bearable successive working time as the test time for experiment.
　　According to the test result of the first phase, three most popular odors were picked out to conduct the work performance test, which respect comfort, refreshing and personal preference, the three properties of odor. Also we set five different spreading time and frequencies of odor for the experiment, and we analyzed and compared the results of three hours’ test for objective work performance and subjective questionnaires. At last, we understood the testees’ psychological feelings and design suggestions for using olfactory products through intensive interviews. From the result, we found that odors with IV properties of refreshing and personal like promoted apparently testees’ work performance on inputting words in computers for three hours, and the effect of the odor with property of comfort was not apparent to that; however it could promote testees’ work performance in subjective cognitions. The testees provided their opinions and suggestions for using and design the olfactory products in the intensive interviews after experiment and expected this kind of product could get better development.

並列關鍵字

Kansei Engineering ； Experiential marketing ； Odor ； Olfaction ； Intensive

參考文獻

文崇一，“調查訪問法”，1975。

王茂駿、王明揚、林昱呈，“台灣地區人體計測資料庫手冊”，新竹市，中華民國人因工程學會，2002。

許勝雄、彭游、吳水丕，“人因工程”，五版 台灣省台北市揚智文化事業股份有限公司，1993。

Alm, H., Nilsson, L., “Changes in driver behaviour as a function of hands free

Aaby, Nils-Erik and Richard Discenza, “Strategic Marketing and New Product Development: An Intergrated Approach”, Marketing Intelligence and Planning ,