基於多點觸控感測之人機介面

A HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERFACE BASED ON MULTI-TOUCH SENSING

陳宇晶(Yu-Ching Chen)

指導教授 ： 周俊賢

大同大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學系所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本論文最主要是根據受抑制內全反射(Frustrated-Total-Internal-Reflection : FTIR)的技術搭配自行開發的應用程式，並搭載個人電腦連接USB攝影機來擷取在觸控介面上多手指(Multi-Fingers)影像動作情況，進而產生相對應的游標移動、檔案選擇、檔案拖曳、檔案開啟、檔案頁面瀏覽、工作視窗切換之滑鼠功能。
在本論文研究實現的過程中，第一個步驟是利用受抑制內全反射技術開發實體架構平台，其次是再建立5階軟體濾波器來驗證實體架構平台的效能是否達到預期的要求，最後再利用實體架構平台，開發應用程式。實驗的部份本研究將與滑鼠做效能比較，提供一個較客觀的數據供參考。首先使用費茨法則建立初步實驗模型蒐集實驗數據，再利用變異數分析分析線性迴歸，進一步建立本實驗的費茨模型。接著將實驗環境、輸入裝置(滑鼠、觸控介面)、幾何圖形、二維幾何圖形尺寸、二維幾何圖形間距等自變數與應變數的平均點擊時間、失誤率交插分析之差異，提供客觀的評估數據。
根據實驗結果發現，僅平均點擊時間符合費茨法則，而在失誤率方面則與費茨法則不吻合。所以本系統不利於精密度要求高的操作與長時間使用。最後結論部份，本研究所提的FTIR系統確實能在不受環境光源影響下操作，且幾近即時互動。另外，兼具低複雜度的軟體處理與低廉的硬體材料成本也是一大優勢。

關鍵字

受抑制內全反射 ； 費茨法則 ； 變異數分析 ； 平均點擊時間 ； 失誤率

並列摘要

This thesis provides the relative mouse functions of cursor moving, file selection and dragging, file opening, page scrolling, and windows switching, based on FTIR technique plus own-developed software application, and images of multi-finger motion conditions captured by the cameras with USB interface connected with a computer.
The first step of the research for this thesis was to use the physical structure layer of the proposed FTIR scheme; the second step to verify the physical structure layer to be in expectation with its effectiveness by using the built 5-level filter software; and the last step to develop the application by utilizing the physical layer.
The experiment was designed to compare the effectiveness of Multi-Touch Sensing with that of mouse and provide an objective data for reference. The initial experimental model followed the model of Fitts’ Law. Experimental raw data was collected to analyze the linear regression with ANOVA, therefore establish Fitts’ Law model for this experiment. The reference data of the average pointing time of interval between independent variables and dependent variables, which include experimental environment, input devices (mouse and touch interface), geometric shapes, sizes of 2D geometric shapes, and the differences from the analysis of probability of miss was then provided.
According to the experimental results, only average pointing time conforms to Fitts’ Law, while the probability of miss does not. Therefore, the proposed FTIR scheme is not appropriate for application that requires precision and long-time use. In conclusion, the proposed FTIR is found to be applied for real-time interaction and free from light influence. Moreover, it could be supported by simple software and cost-effective hardware.

並列關鍵字

FTIR、Fitts’ Law ； ANOVA ； average pointing time ； probability of miss

參考文獻

[23] 陳宏仁， 人體移動控制變異及學習效果之六標準差研究，中原大學工業工程研究所碩士學位論文，2003。

[11]W. Mike and B. Ravin, “Multi-Finger and Whole Hand Gestural Interaction Techniques for Multi-User Tabletop Displays,” in Proceedings of UIST ’03, ACM Press, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2003, pp. 193-202.

[15]J. Han, “Low-cost Multi-touch Sensing through Frustrated Total Internal Reflection,” in Proceedings of UIST'05, ACM Press, pp.115-118, 2005.

[19]P. M. Fitts, “The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement,” Journal of Experimental Psychology, 47, pp. 381-391, 1954.

[1]I-tech: Virtual keyboard, http://www.mobile01.com/topicdetail.php?f=351&t=63090