資源特性與產業結構對研發專案之創新與績效之影響─以生技產業為例

THE IMPACT OF RESOURCE NATURE AND INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE ON INNOVATION AND PERFORMANCE OF R&D PROJECTS ─ WITH THE BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INDUSTRY AS AN ILLUSTRATION

周依穎(Yi-ying Chou)

指導教授 ： 梁詠貴

大同大學/經營設計學院/事業經營學系所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

隨著全球化的興起，各國企業之間的競爭激烈程度也逐漸提高，更突顯創新議題的重要性。故本研究便以整合資源基礎理論與產業結構兩者之觀點來探討導致企業產生創新的動機，並且驗證公司所擁有不同的資源特性對於研發創新之影響，探究產業結構是否會調節企業資源特性與創新策略間之關係，以及創新策略的執行是否會替企業帶來不同的績效等議題。此外由於生技產業本身即屬於創新研發密集導向之產業，故相當符合本研究欲探討的議題，故本研究將以生技產業之研發專案為研究對象進行實證調查，並透過對公司之研發人員進行問卷調查的方式來進行資料收集，再以SPSS軟體進行資料之統計分析。
研究結果顯示企業所擁有具有價值與不可替代之資源特性將會影響創新程度的高低，而產業集中度越高將導致公司運用其具有價值與不可模仿性資源所進行之研發的創新程度越高，市場成長率越高則將導致公司越傾向運用其不可模仿資源來進行自行研發的創新活動。此外，創新程度越高的研發專案將越能幫助企業產生較佳的創新績效以及新市場或新產品的開發，至於公司的創新來源越傾向自行開發的方式將促使公司有較大的機會去開創新的市場。

關鍵字

資源基礎 ； 產業結構 ； 創新策略

並列摘要

With the intensification of globalization, the degree of competition among companies becomes higher. For this reason, “innovation” becomes the most important issue among different companies in the world. Therefore, this study tries not only to integrate the concept of the resource-based view and the industrial structure to probe into the motives that leads a company to decide to engage in innovational R&D activities, but also to verify the impact of different resource nature on the company’s R&D innovation strategy. In addition, this study also intends to figure out whether different types of industrial structure will influence the relationship between resource nature and innovation strategy or not, and whether a company that decides to engage in innovation activities will lead to better performance than others. And the study carried out in literature review and questionnaire research. The samples of this questionnaire research were domestic biotechnological companies’ innovation projects and the data gathered were analyzed with SPSS statistical software.
The results of this study show that both valuable and non-substitutable resource nature of a company will influence the extent of innovation, industrial concentration will affect the relationship between the corporate resource nature and the extent of the innovation, and growth will also impact on the relationship between resource nature and source of innovation. Finally, the broader the extent of innovation, the better a company will turn in innovation performance.

並列關鍵字

RBV ； industrial structure ； innovation strategy

參考文獻

Amit, R. and P. Schoemaker. “Strategic Assets and Organizational Rent.” Strategic Management Journal 14, no.1 (1993): 33-46.

Avlonitis, G. J., A. Kouremenos and N. Tzokas. “Assessing the Innovativeness of Organizations and Its Antecedents: Project Innovation.” European Journal of Marketing 28, no.11 (1994): 5-28.

Baldwin, J. R. and J. Johnson. “Business Strategies in More-and Less-Innovative Firms in Canada.” Research Policy 25, no.5 (1996): 785-804.

Bain, J. S. Barriers to New Competition: Their Character and Consequences in Manufacturing Industry, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1956.

Barney, J. “Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage.” Journal of Management 17, no.1 (1991): 99-120.