壓力開關故障現象之探討-以台北捷運高運量321型電聯車為例

本文之研究目的為探討高運量321型電聯車煞車系統之壓力開關。根據近三年（2007-2009）所統計之故障次數，以偵測空氣壓縮機之壓力開關故障率較高，且經實際安裝於列車，並觀察其運作三年後，針對15列車壓力開關設定壓力值偏移狀況做統計，也以偵測空氣壓縮機之壓力開關的偏移量為最高。故本文將以此壓力開關為研究對象，計算相關壓力數值，並使用氣壓測試檯量測壓力開關壓力值偏移量，爾後彙整數據，並逐一加以分析驗證，最後再視其結果提出改善對策。研究期間發現，部分壓力開關已無法正常的偵測空氣壓縮機氣源，其原因為壓力開關接近使用規格上限，導致內部壓縮彈簧彈性疲勞，故本研究使用彈簧測試機測試壓縮彈簧之疲乏程度，視疲乏程度訂定調整週期以及使用年限，以減少故障率發生。本論文之研究方法以及測試數據統計可作為日後高運量341型電聯車之參考以及新進同仁教育訓練。

關鍵字

煞車系統；空氣壓縮機；壓力開關

並列摘要

The purpose of this thesis is to study the pressure switch of type 321 rolling stock friction brake system. According to the statistical fault data in recent years (2007-2009), it shows the pressure switch of air compressor were breakdown with a higher rate. To gather the offset statistics of type 321 rolling stock with fifteen operating units for three years, the results also show that the highest offset happened on the pressure switch of air compressor. This article will focus on the pressure switch to calculate values related to the pressure, using air pressure test equipment to measure the pressure switch offset value, and to compile data one by one to verify the analysis of the results and recommend improvement ways. During the study period, we found that some of the pressure regulator has been unable to detect a air compressor gas source. The reason is that the pressure regulator close to upper limitation of specifications and result in internal compressor spring elastic fail. In this research, use spring testing equipment to test fatigue degree of compression spring to set adjustment cycle time and useful life cycle, reducing the failure rate of occurrence. In the future, the research methods of this thesis and the statistics results can be used as training reference for the type 341 rolling stock.