蕭邦《降A大調幻想波蘭舞曲，作品六十一》之探究

費德里克‧弗朗西澤克‧蕭邦（Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin, 1810-1849）一生中創作的樂曲約兩百多首，其大部分皆為鋼琴作品，為同時期中最執著於創作鋼琴作品的音樂家。從早期橫跨至晚期，蕭邦共創作出十六首為鋼琴獨奏的波蘭舞曲，每首波蘭舞曲皆可感受到蕭邦對祖國波蘭的熱情歌頌與深切緬懷，是鋼琴音樂史上相當重要的曲目。《降A大調幻想波蘭舞曲，作品六十一》創作於一八四五至一八四六年間，此曲不僅富於波蘭舞曲元素，亦具有幻想曲的風格，可說是蕭邦作品中結構最複雜、內容最多元、極具濃厚的幻想即興與歌唱性質的波蘭舞曲，且為蕭邦首次結合波蘭舞曲與幻想曲的作品。此外，《降A大調幻想波蘭舞曲，作品六十一》為蕭邦最後一首波蘭舞曲，亦可反映出蕭邦晚年時期的創作風格。除緒論與結論外，本論文共分為四大部份：第一部份為蕭邦生平與音樂風格的簡述；第二部份為波蘭舞曲歷史沿革、風格特色與蕭邦波蘭舞曲初探；第三部份為幻想曲概述；第四部份則分別以創作背景、樂曲分析與演奏詮釋來探討《降A大調幻想波蘭舞曲，作品六十一》。

關鍵字

蕭邦；波蘭舞曲

並列摘要

Frederic Francois Chopin (1810-1849) had composed more than two hundred works in his life. Most of Chopin's works are for piano solo. Chopin is considered one of the great masters for piano music. In his life, he composed about sixteen polonaises. These works presented Chopin’s passion and memory for his motherland and played an important role in the piano literature. “Polonaise in A-flat major, Op.61” was composed from 1845 to 1846. This piece contained not only the spirit of polonaise but also the style of fantasia. It filled with strong illusion of improvisation and singing nature and can be considered the most complicated and diversified in Chopin’s works. In this work, Chopin tried to combine the polonaise with the fantasia. In addition, this work was the last polonaise of Chopin and reflected Chopin’s late style. This thesis organizes as follows: In the first part, we will briefly introduce Chopin’s life and composing style. The history and music style of the polonaise is explained in the second part. The third part provides an overview of fantasia. In the fourth part, we will discuss “Polonaise in A-flat major, op.61” from viewpoints of composing background, music analyzing and performing interpretation, respectively.