台南市國中生外表印象整飾、穿著風格與創造力之研究

本研究在探討國中生的外表印象整飾、穿著風格與創造力的相關，包括不同背景變項的國中生在外表印象整飾、穿著風格與創造力差異情形，以及國中生的外表印象整飾、穿著風格與創造力的相關，研究方法採用問卷調查法，所使用的四種研究工具為「外表印象整飾量表」、「穿著風格量表」、「創意生活經驗量表」、「新編圖形創造思考測驗(人字形)」，母體是台南市國中生，本研究採分層叢集抽樣，以488位臺南市國中學生作為樣本，所蒐集的資料係採t檢定、ANOVA、皮爾森相關分析、逐步多元迴歸分析等統計方法。本研究發現如下：一、就性別而言，男女學生在「外表印象整飾」得分有顯著的差異，其中女性高於男性;在「穿著風格」的「毫不在意」得分亦達顯著差異，其中男性高於女性；在「圖形創造思考能力」得分有顯著的差異,其中女性顯著高於男性。二、就年級而言，不同年級的學生其「外表印象整飾」的得分有顯著差異，其中二、三年級學生得分顯著高於一年級學生；不同年級的學生其穿著風格中的「保守安分」面向得分有顯著差異，其中一、二年級學生得分顯著高於三年級學生；不同年級學生在「圖形創造思考能力」中的「獨創力」與「精進力」上有顯著差異，其中三年級學生得分顯著高於二年級學生。三、就家庭社經地位而言，在「穿著風格」中的「流行新潮」，中社經地位的學生得分顯著高於低社經地位；低社經地位的學生，在「穿著風格」中的「保守安分、毫不在意」，得分顯著高於高社經地位。在「創意生活經驗」中的「視覺生活的設計」，高社經地位的學生得分顯著高於低社經地位的學生。四、學生在「外表印象整飾」的得分與其「穿著風格」中的「創意獨特、流行新潮、輕鬆舒適」的得分達顯著正相關，與「穿著風格」中的「毫不在意」呈現顯著負相關。五、學生在「外表印象整飾」的得分與其「創意生活經驗」得分呈現顯著正相關，與「圖形創造思考能力」得分未達顯著相關。六、「穿著風格」的「創意獨特、輕鬆舒適」得分與「圖形創造思考能力」呈現顯著正相關；「穿著風格」的「創意獨特、流行新潮、保守安分、輕鬆舒適」得分與「創意生活經驗」得分呈現顯著正相關,然而「穿著風格」的「毫不在意」得分則與「創意生活經驗」得分呈現顯著負相關。七、「穿著風格」的「創意獨特、輕鬆舒適」與「外表印象整飾」中的「樂在打扮」，能夠顯著的預測「創意生活經驗」；性別與穿著風格的「創意獨特」能夠顯著預測「圖形創造思考能力」。根據本研究結果提出對父母、教育工作者及未來研究的建議以供參考。

關鍵字

國中生；外表印象整飾；穿著風格；創造力

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to explore whether the junior high school students from different backgrounds have different performance on students’ Impression Management of Appearance, wearing style, and creativity (including creative life experience and graphic creative thinking ability ) as well as the relationship among these four variables. This study adopted convenient sampling to investigate students of grade 7, 8 and 9 in Tainan by questionnaires, including the "Impression Management of Appearance Scale", "Wearing Style Scale", "Creative Life Scale" and "Graphic creative thinking ability". The returned valid questionnaires were amount to 488. Furthermore, the collected data were analyzed through T-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. 1.As far as the gender is concerned, there is a significant difference on the "Impression Management of Appearance", in which girls got higher score than boys. There is also a significant difference in the "Never Mind of wearing style", in which boys got higher score than girls. Additionally, there is a significant difference on "Graphic creative thinking ability", in which girls got higher score than boys. 2.As far as the grade is concerned, there is a significant difference on the "Impression Management of Appearance", in which 8th and 9th graders got higher score than 7th graders. There is also a significant difference on the "Conservative Style of wearing style", in which 7th and 8th graders got higher score than 9th graders. In addition, there is a significant difference on "Graphic creative thinking ability", in which 9th graders got higher score than 7th graders. 3.As far as the socio-economic status of family is concerned, the students from high SES family got higher score than low ones on the "fashion style of wearing style" and "visual design life". The students from low SES got higher score than higher ones on the "Conservative Style of wearing style". 4.There was a significantly positive correlation between the"Impression Management" of Appearance and "Creative", "Fashion" and "Casual" of "wearing style"; however, there was a significantly negative correlation between the "Impression Management of Appearance" and "Never Mind of wearing style". 5.There was a significantly positive correlation between the "Impression Management of Appearance" and "creative life". In contrast, there was no significant correlation between "Impression Management of Appearance "and "Graphic creative thinking ability" . 6.There were significantly positive correlations between the "Creative" of "wearing style" and "Graphic creative thinking ability", "Casual" of "wearing style" and "Graphic creative thinking ability". There were also significantly positive correlations between the "Creative", "Fashion", "Conservative Style" and "Casual" of "wearing style" and "experiences of creative life". Besides, there was a significantly negative correlation between "experiences of creative life" and "Never Mind" of "wearing style". 7."Creative"and"Casual"of"wearing style "and "Enjoy in dressing" of "Impression Management of Appearance" could significantly predict the "experiences of creative life".However, "Gender" and "creative wearing style" could significantly predict "Graphic creative thinking ability". Finally, research recommendations and educative implication were discussed based aforementioned results.