大學院校餐旅科系應屆畢業生學習動機、校外實習成效、生涯自我效能與生涯準備行為關係之研究

The Relationships among Learning Motivation, Internship Outcomes, Career Decision Self-efficacy and Career Preparation Behavior of Hospitality Undergraduates

楊淳琹(Chun-Chin Yang)

指導教授 ： 蔡振蒼

台南應用科技大學/生活科技學院/生活應用科學研究所/碩士(2015年)

摘要

近年來大學校院餐飲相關科系不斷激增，而這些系所裡開設了校外實習課程來增進學生之工作經驗，雖然餐旅業在大學生嚮往行業中排行前三名，但大部分的本科系生卻想轉任他職，反造成學非所用，為了減少餐飲畢業生的離開，而引發出此動機。在相關研究中多為探討實習內容、學習動機與滿意度，對於學生實習是否影響學習動機、生涯自我效能與準備行為之關係，研究較為缺乏。本研究目的有二：(1)確認餐飲學生學習動機與實習成效之關係；(2)確認餐飲學生實習成效、生涯準備行為與生涯自我效能之關係。本研究採用分層抽樣法，以我國北、中、南、東及離島等大學院校的觀光餐旅相關科系應屆畢業生為研究對象進行問卷調查，共計回收有效問卷613份，接著以AMOS進行資料統計分析。本研究結果證實，大學院校餐旅科系畢屆畢業生學習動機正向且顯著影響實習成效。而實習成效能有效提升生涯自我效能，但在學生生涯準備行為中，結果產生了完全中介。因此，當實習成效愈高就會使得個體的生涯決策自我效能愈高，也同時影響了生涯準備行為；但如果學生在校外實習的過程中沒有獲得成效，此時學生則不一定會產生生涯準備行為。是以，筆者對學校相關科系之建議，提高學生在校外實習前、中、後階段之輔導；對實習單位之建議，在實習結束後，落實業者與實習生之交流、提高學生對餐旅業之學習動機、教育員工對待實習生一視同仁；對學生之建議，提高自我校外實習成效、掌握餐旅業現今趨勢。

關鍵字

餐旅教育、學習動機、實習成效、生涯自我效能、生涯準備

並列摘要

Increasingly more hospitality management educators are using student internship programs to close the gap between educational learner outcomes and industry expectations. Many researches had focus on content of internship, learning motivation and satisfaction, but a few study to discuss the effect of internships, self-efficacy in career and preparing behaviors. There are two purpose of this study: (1) to confirm the relationship between learning motivation and internship outcomes of hospitality undergraduates; (2) to confirm the relationship among internship outcomes, career preparation behavior, and career decision self-efficacy of hospitality undergraduates. A cluster sampling method and questionnaire survey were used to collect data from fourth-year college students from hospitality-related departments. A total of 613 usable questionnaires were achieved.AMOS 18.0 was used to conduct a two-stage structural equation modelling. When the Outcomes of the higher Internship will make individual career decision self-efficacy is higher, It also influenced the career preparation behavior. However, if the student in the school practice process does not get expected results, the student will not produce career preparation behavior certainly. Therefore, I propose the relevant departments of the schools to improve the student counseling Internship stage of before, during and after. The recommendations to internships： After the end of practice, the implementation of the exchange industry and trainees， to improve students' Hospitality learning motivation, educate staff to treated trainees equally; The recommendations for students, the campus practice to improve effectiveness of the self, to grasp the current trends in the hospitality industry.

並列關鍵字

Hospitality education, motivation, training effectiveness, career self-efficacy, career preparation behavior

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