美髮設計師剪髮技能強化之關鍵因素探討

技職教育主旨在培育專業就業技能，更是國家經濟發展過程中扮演著極重要的角色，主要以培養專門技術人員為其教育目標，但近年來常發生技職教育培育出的人才與企業需求有所落差。綜觀目前全國美髮設計師剪髮技藝學習途徑除學校教育外，尚包含業界教育。但是到底哪種教育方式較有成就效，且尚有哪些待改善之處。本研究擬探討目前美髮設計師剪髮技藝關鍵因素，以做為未來學校及業界規劃執行剪髮技藝課程之參考。其目的如下:(一)了解美髮設計師剪髮技能強化關鍵項目因素。（二）探究學校教育及業界教育之剪髮技能養成方式。（三）針對課程規劃成效不佳之處提出須強化改善之建議。以做為未來學校剪髮課程領導老師及業界設計師在職進修課程之參考。本研究對象係以南部某高職美容科近四年畢業生中，正實際擔任美髮從業人員者作為探討對象，透過分層隨機抽樣進行問卷調查與半結構質性訪談為主要研究資料蒐集方式，繼之，以隨機抽樣方式選取15名設計師進行半結構式深入訪談。研究結論: (一)學習過程中發現學校教育以講述法教學為主，理論重於實作。 (二)美髮師剪髮技能學習關鍵以學校教育為主，業界教育為輔。（三）學校教育以實際操作真人剪髮的教學為最為重要。（四）業界教育以溝通技巧來輔助剪髮最為重要。研究建議: 學校教育方面:在實作課程中使用真人學習，增加實際真實感，可更貼近職場需要與職場接軌。並且可以邀請業界老師協同教學使學生清楚流行脈動。業界教育方面:設計師必須準確的掌握專業資訊，傾聽消費者的需求期望，透過多元化溝通釐清雙方認知創造雙贏。

關鍵字

美髮設計；師剪髮技能；教育訓練

並列摘要

The technical and vocational education aims to develop the professional employability skills, and plays an important role in the process of national economic development. The cultivation of specialized technical personnel is particularly important. However, there are gaps between the graduates from technical and vocational school and employment demands in recent years.During the cultivation of hair stylists, internship is provided besides school education.However, the effectiveness of the instructional approaches and areas of improvement are yet to be determined. This study intends to explore the key factors of the hair cutting skills of hair stylists, and provide suggestion for hair cutting courses planning in schools and the industry.The research purposes are as follows: 1)to understand the key item factors strengthening the hair cutting skills of hair stylists; 2) to explore the hair cutting skill development methods adopted in the school education and industry education; 3) to propose suggestions on the places to be strengthened and improved specific to the poor effects of course planning.The findings can serve as references for instructors of hair cutting courses and the on-the-job training courses in the future.The subjects were the graduates from a department of beautification of a vocational high school in southern Taiwan over the past four years, and are currently hair stylists. A questionnaire survey was conducted by stratified random sampling. Then, 15 designers were selected by the random sampling for semi-structured interviews. Research Conclusion: 1. In terms of school education, expository teaching method is mainly adopted in the school education, giving priority to the theory than the practice. 2. The key of hair cutting skill learning is to take the school education as the main method and the industry education as the complementary method. 3. The actual hair cutting practice and operation on real persons is the most important teaching method in the school education. 4. Using the communication skills to assist the hair cutting is the most important in the industry education. Research Suggestions: In regards to school education, it is suggested to use real persons for practice, thus creating the sense of reality, knowing the demands of actual workplaces, and meeting the employment needs. Hair stylists from the industry could be invited to carry out collaborative teaching to provide the students with knowledge of fashion pulse. In terms of industry education, designers should accurately grasp the professional information, listen attentively to the consumers’ demands and expectations, and clarify the cognitions of both parties through effective communication, thus creating a win-win situation.