國中技藝競賽指導教師家長式領導行為對學生領導效能影響之研究—以苗栗區餐旅職群為例

本研究旨在探討國中餐旅群技藝競賽學生知覺指導教師之領導行為與領導效能之關係。研究目的為瞭解技藝競賽指導教師領導行為與領導效能之現況；並比較不同背景變項學生所知覺的指導教師領導行為及領導效能之差異情形；與分析學生所知覺的指導教師領導行為及領導效能間的典型關係。以自編「指導教師領導為及領導效能問卷」進行調查，針對參與100學年度餐旅職群技藝競賽之學生為研究對象，發出360份問卷，亦回收360份，扣除資料不齊與無效的21份後，有效問卷則有339份，故將339份有效樣本進行分析。根據調查所蒐集之資料以敘述統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析，以及典型相關等統計方法作資料分析。最後根據研究結果，提供適當之建議，以作為日後參加技藝競賽學生培訓之建議與參考。研究所得結論如下： 1.參加餐旅職群技藝競賽學生知覺指導教師領導行為之現況中，顯示指導教師以「才德」領導行為表現最多，「威權」領導行為表現最少。 2.參加餐旅職群技藝競賽學生對領導效能之現況中，以「學習滿意度」之領導效能最顯著，並普遍對自己的「成績表現」不滿意。 3.參加餐旅職群技藝競賽之學生會因性別、餐旅職群、受訓時間與指導教師性別等個人背景變項的不同，而影響其知覺指導師家長式領導行為中之「才德」與「威權」領導行為的程度。 4.指導教師之領導效能不受參加餐旅職群技藝競賽之學生個人背景影響。 5.指導教師的家長式領導行為與領導效能之間確實具有正相關性。指導教師若施予參與競賽學生較高的「才德」領導行為，將顯著提升「領導成效」、「領導滿意度」及「學習滿意度」；指導教師若施予較高的「威權」領導，則將提升其「成績表現」。

關鍵字

國中技藝競賽；家長式領導行為；領導效能

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between Mentor teachers’ leadership behaviors and leadership effectiveness in hospitality and tourism skill processing competition for junior high school. The study focused on the competitors of hospitality and tourism related skills competition in 100 school year. After questionnaire survey, we collected 360 questionnaires, and 339 of who were effective. The effective response rate was 94%.Data were analyzed by SPSS using such statistical methods as descriptive statistics, independ t test, F test, Scheffé-test, and canonical correlation. The major findings were as follows: 1. About mentor teachers’ leadership, the “morality” leadership was higher than average, the “authoritarianism” leadership was less than average. 2. About mentor teachers’ leadership effectiveness, the “learning satisfication” leadership effectiveness was higher than average, and the “performance” leadership effectiveness was less than average. 3. Some different of competitions’ background, their experiences of the factors of mentor teacher behavior were significant different. 4. The mentor teachers’ leadership effectiveness was not affected by the differences of demographical backgrounds of the competitors. 5. The paternalistic leadership behaviors and leadership effectiveness were correlated. While the mentor teacher provides the competitors more “morality” leadership, the “leading effectiveness”, “leadership satisfaction” and “learning satisfication” were improved accordingly; when the mentor teacher provides more authoritarianism leadership, the “performance” was also enhanced.