坐姿健身操對社區長者功能性體適能及心理健康成效之研究

The Effect of Sitting Gesture Exercises on the Functional Physical Fitness and Mental Health for Community Dwelling Elder People

陳俞里(YU-LI CHEN)

指導教授 ： 黃心樹

中臺科技大學/護理學院/護理研究所/碩士(2018年)

摘要

目的：本研究針對社區長者進行運動介入，了解坐姿健身操介入對功能性體適能及心理健康之影響。
方法：本研究共招募35位65歲以上自願參加之老人(實驗組)，參與12週的坐姿健身操 (seated exercises) 計畫，每週一次，一次60分鐘中等強度之運動，並招募未參與運對介入之對照組31位；兩組於介入前後，進行功能性體適能檢測、成人心理健康量表填寫 (Adult Mental Health Survey, AMHA)，包括30秒坐姿站立測試 (30 second chair stand test)、2.44公尺起身繞行測驗 (2.44 meters up-and-go test)、雙手背後相扣測驗 (back-scratch test)及2分鐘踏步測驗 (2min stepping)。
結果：分析組內比較結果顯示，在部分的生理指標、功能性體適能項目及心理健康量表，實驗組相較於對照組有顯著改善 (p < .05)。
結論：本研究結果顯示坐姿健身操可增進社區長者的功能性體適能，但成效可能受頻率、強度及個人生活環境因素影響;在心理健康方面，心理健康量表是一種主觀意識的回饋，情緒、身體健康狀況與環境氛圍都會影響著受試者，社區長者透過離開家門、進入人群的社會參與，對心理健康是有助益的。

關鍵字

功能性體適能 ； 生理指標 ； 坐姿健身操 ； 社區老人 ； 心理健康

並列摘要

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of sitting gesture exercise program on functional fitness and mental health of community elder people.
Methods: A total 35 purposive participants were among aged ≧ 65year-old adult in the sitting gesture exercise as the experimental group. The exercise training program was 60 minutes once a week for a total of 12 weeks. Thirty-one community residents, who didn’t participate in any kind of exercise program, volunteered to participate in the control group and maintained their daily routine during the study. Both groups were tested with senior functional fitness tests and Adult Mental Health Survey at the baseline phase and the end of program. Senior functional fitness tests contained 30 second chair stand test, 2.44 meters up-and-go test, back-scratch test and 2minutes stepping. Two-way repeated measured analysis of variance was used to examine the group and time effects. Paired t test was used within each group to analyze the change in the end of the measures.
Results: The experimental group had significant improvement on the Waist-to-hip ratio, the strength of lower body, the cardiorespiratory fitness, the balance/gait and motor agility, somatic symptom, anxiety, social undermining, depression and positive mentality (p < .05).
Conclusion: This study supports the effects of the 12-weeks sitting gesture exercise, in a regimen of 60 minutes session, once a week, can improve the senior functional fitness of the old adult population. In terms of mental health, the mental health scale is a kind of subjective feedback. There was little difference between the two groups, but the elders mental and physical, and health and environmental atmosphere will affect their feedbacks. This study confirms that is helpful for mental health of the elders by leaving the house and entering the crowd.

並列關鍵字

senior functional fitness ； physiologic index ； sitting gesture exercise ； community elder people ； Adult Mental Health Survey

參考文獻

中文部份

內政部統計處（2015，6月11日）‧臺灣地區簡易生命表及平均餘命查詢‧2014年9月30日取自http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/Life/List.html

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