國小學童知覺父母管教方式與品格表現關係之研究

The Relationship between Perceived Parenting Style and Character Performance among Elementary School Students

呂錦慧(Chin-hui Lu)

指導教授 ： 陳聰文

中臺科技大學/護理學院/文教事業經營研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究旨在瞭解國小學童知覺父母管教方式與學童品格表現的現況、差異情形、關係，及父母管教方式對學童品格表現之預測情形，最後根據結論提出建議。本研究採問卷調查法，以分層叢集取樣方式對臺中市國小四、六年級學童進行研究，共獲746份有效問卷。研究工具除個人基本資料外，包括「父母管教方式量表」、「品格表現量表」，再依問卷填答結果以描述性統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析、卡方考驗、典型相關，以及多元迴歸等方法進行資料處理。研究結論如下：
一、學童的品格表現良好，且女生顯著優於男生。
二、父、母管教「要求」多於「回應」，以「開明權威」類型為主。
三、母親的「回應」、「要求」都顯著高於父親。
四、學童父母管教方式、品格表現因社經地位、家庭結構不同有顯著差異，但不因年級有顯著差異。
五、父母管教方式與品格表現之間有顯著正相關。
六、父母管教方式對學童的品格表現有顯著預測力。
依據上述結論，研究者提出建議如下：
一、政府宜廣設在職教育，設法降低低社經地位家庭數量。
二、推動品格教育時，對男女生品格要求應一致。
三、應善用策略與資源，以強化低社經地位與單親家庭的家庭教育功能。
四、父母要建立要求與回應並重的管教觀念。

關鍵字

父母管教方式 ； 品格表現 ； 國小學童

並列摘要

The study investigated perceived parenting style and character performance among elementary school students. Differences among students with different background variables, the relationship between perceived parenting style and character performance and the predictive power of parenting style for students’ character performance were examined. Based on research findings, suggestions were proposed. A questionnaire survey was administered to fourth and sixth-grade elementary school students in Taichung City selected via stratified cluster sampling. A total of 746 valid responses were collected. In addition to the basic data questionnaire, the research instruments included “Parenting Style Scale” and “Character Performance Scale”. The collected responses were statistically analyzed using methods, including descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, cononical correlation and multiple regression analysis. The main findings were as follows:
1.The students’ character performance was generally good, and girls’ performance was significantly better than boys.
2.The parenting styles of the students’ mothers and fathers were characterized by more “demands” than “responses”, and “authoritative parenting” was a dominant parenting style.
3.The mothers had significantly more “responses” and “demands” than the fathers.
4.The students’ perceptions of parenting style and character performance significantly varied by their socioeconomic status and family structure, but not by grade.
5.A significant and positive relationship between parenting style and character performance was observed.
6.Parenting style had a significant predictive power for character performance.
According to the above findings, this study proposed the following suggestions:
1.The government should extensively provide on-job education to minimize the number of families with a low socioeconomic status.
2.Character requirements for boys and girls should be consistent in the promotion of character education.
3.Proper strategies and resources should be utilized to reinforce the family education functions of families with a low socioeconomic status and single-parent families.
4.Parents should have correct parenting concepts and view demands and responses as equally important.

並列關鍵字

parenting style ； elementary school student ； character performance

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