- 學位論文
應用健康信念模式探討原住民拒酒意向及其相關研究─以信義鄉為例
Applying the Health Belief Model to Examine the Intention of Drinking Refusal and Factors Associated in Aborigines : an Example from Sinyi Township
摘要
酒為影響人類健康高危險因素之一，而原住民的飲酒問題較一般家庭嚴重，不僅會對個人之身心健康帶來負面影響，也對家庭帶來嚴重的傷害，因此，如何從行為改變去根本影響原住民的飲酒習性，是非常值得研究的議題。 本研究目的有三： (一) 瞭解南投縣信義鄉原住民飲酒盛行率。 (二) 瞭解南投縣信義鄉原住民之飲酒行為、健康信念、行動線索以及拒酒自我效能之 分佈情形。 (三) 分析南投縣信義鄉原住民之飲酒行為、健康信念、拒酒自我效能與人 口學變項之關係。 本研究應用Rosenstock的健康信念模式來瞭解原住民的拒酒自我效能，以南投縣信義鄉18歲以上原住民為研究對象，發放結構式問卷500份，回收380份，有效問卷310份。 本研究發現信義鄉原住民以布農族為主，有飲酒行為者佔69.4%，開始喝酒年齡平均為21.44歲，平均酒齡為12.38年，飲酒型態為當快樂時與朋友相聚在朋友家飲酒，最常喝的酒為啤酒、藥酒及米酒，而平均每週喝酒次數為一至二次，偶爾會喝醉。其自覺嚴重性高於自覺罹患性，行動利益總平均為4.01分，行動障礙總平均為3.04分，內部行動線索為健康與家庭因素，而外部行動線索則有教會以及醫療人員之忠告。而拒酒自我效能之人際互動總平均為3.07分，個人經驗總平均為3.60分。此外，自覺嚴重性在拒酒自我效能中具有高度相關性。 本研究建議政府相關部門應加強對原住民部落之節制飲酒宣導及提供戒酒行動利益方案，協助飲酒者重建自信及自尊，重建家庭關係，在此多重管道之下，應可有效提升拒酒自我效能。
並列摘要
Liquor is one of the high-risk factors to affect human health. The damage of drinking in Taiwan’s aborigines are more than general Taiwanese. Therefore, how to change the drinking habits in Taiwan’s aborigines is a worthy subject for study. The purpose of this study is as follows: 1. To understand the drinking prevalence in Sinyi Township aborigines. 2. To understand the drinking behavior, health beliefs, cues to action and drinking refusal self-efficacy distribution in Sinyi Township aborigines. 3. To analyze the drinking behavior, health beliefs and drinking refusal self-efficacy associated with the Sinyi Township aborigines’ personal characteristics. This study applied Rosenstock’s Health Belief Model (HBM) to understand the drinking refusal self-efficacy in Sinyi Township aborigines over 18 year-old. The study is a cross- sectional, using a structural questionnaire as an instrument, and employs 310 aborigines from Sinyi Township. The study found that Bunun are the major aborigines in Sinyi Township. The drinking behavior is accounted for 69.4%, the average initial drinking at 21.44 year-old, the average drinking for 12.38 years, drinking beer, medicinal liquor, and rice wine when happy gathering with friend, and the drinking one or two times a week, occasionally drunk. The perceived seriousness is higher than perceived susceptibility, benefits of taking action (4.01 at 5 point scale), and barriers of taking action (3.04).The internal cues to action are health and family, and the external cues to action are church and medical staff. The drinking refusal self-efficacy of social interaction and personal experience score is 3.07 and 3.60 separately. In addition, perceived seriousness and drinking refusal self-efficacy are highly related. The finding of this study suggest that the relevant government departments should strengthen the moderate drinking propaganda in aborigines and provide drinking refusal action beneficial program to improve the drinking refusal self-efficacy.