探討護理之家照顧服務員工作經驗

全球人口正明顯進入老化時期，台灣也不例外，從1993年邁入老化國家後，歷年更是不斷攀升至2016年已占總人口數的13.33％。因社會工商業的繁忙大多數長者被送入機構中照顧，而目前機構中的主要照顧者皆以照顧服務員為主。本研究的目的旨在探討護理之家照顧服務員工作經驗。研究設計採質性敘事探究方式進行。藉由深度訪談作為資料收集的方法，運用敘事探究以Lieblich等人提出「類別-內容」為主進行資料的分析。自2016年4月至10月收女性七位、男性兩位照服員，結果共有三個主題及十一個次主題，一、戮力於住民照顧工作：照顧住民之需求、處理家屬的需求、其他相關業務；二、工作的影響：對於生理、心靈、社會層面影響；三、傾力平衡職涯生活：生理、心理調適、努力於專業上的成長、尋求社會的支援。此研究結果在臨床實務、政策、教育、研究提供以下之建議：一、政府及機構管理者應提升照服員福利與明確工作職責及建立升遷制度。二、重視加強學歷的提升外，也要有實質的學歷加級。三、在職教育課程應加入心理、社會需求及失智症照顧。四、增加照服員自我保健及避免職業傷害的課程。五、加強「性騷擾」及「傳染病」認知防護。六、可設立小組長編制協助工作的分擔。七、錄製常見工作技能影帶，並設置相關步驟方法，以利人員學習。結論:本研究藉由了解照服員對於工作表達最真實的感受，俾利政府及機構管理者了解其工作需求，作為改善照服員工作條件之參酌資料，以便提升機構照護品質，進而因應老化的社會。

關鍵字

護理之家；工作經驗；照顧服務員；長期照護

並列摘要

The global population is obviously entering the period of aging, and Taiwan is no exception. Since 1993, Taiwan has been a country with an aging population, and over the years, the number of senior citizens has grown steadily and the senior citizens account has reached for 13.33% of the total population in 2016. Due to the hectic nature of the society and business life, the majority of seniors are institutionalized, and currently, the role of the primary care provider within institutions is mainly filled by nursing assistant. This research focuses on discussing over the job experience of the nursing assistants in nursing homes, the research design employed was qualitative narrative research, and data were collected through in-depth interviews. The narrative research concept of “category content” proposed by Lieblich, et al was used for the main method of data analysis. During the research, there were 3 themes and 11 sub-themes in total collected from March to October 2016 which involve in 1. Inhabitant caring: taking care of the demands of inhabitants, dealing with the demands of relatives and other relevant businesses; 2. Impacts of work: impacts on body, mind, spirit and the society; 3. Devotion to balancing career life: physical and mental adjustment, seeking for professional growth and social support. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide recommendations in the areas of clinical practice, policy, education, and research.1. The authorities and institutional manager could improve nursing assistants’ benefits and clearly define the job responsibilities as well as establish promotion systems. 2. It’s necessary to encourage substantial educational grade improvement, while focusing on the educational background promotion of nursing assistants. 3. The courses with regard to psychology, social demands and dementia care could also be included into on-the-job education for the nursing assistants. 4. To reinforce the courses for self-care and avoiding occupational injury among nursing assistants. 5. Improve the nursing assistants’ cognition on and preventive capacities of sexual harassment and infectious diseases. 6. Sharing workload of nursing assistants by appointing team leaders. 7. To record a video clips related to the common working skills and formulates the relevant steps and methods to facilitate learning of nursing assistants. In Conclusion: this research can be a reference for cases of large increases in long-term care workers by understanding the most real feelings of care workers on work for the sake of governments and institutional managers’ learning about the job demands of care workers, thus helping to promote the quality of institutional care in response to an aging population.