不同番茄品種與栽培介質對叢枝菌根菌接種效應之比較研究

A comparative study of VA mycorrhizal inoculation effect between tomato cultivars and growth media

王朝儀(Chao-Yi Wang)

指導教授 ： 吳繼光 ； 林素禎

亞洲大學/健康學院/生物科技學系碩士班/碩士(2008年)

摘要

本文主要探討不同番茄品種在不同栽培介質中接種菌根菌後，對番茄植株生長與菌根菌感染率之影響。番茄品種有12種，分別為農友301，新光，惠珠，小姑娘，春光，種苗7號，種苗8號，桃園亞蔬9號，台中亞蔬10號，台南亞蔬6號，台南亞蔬11號，花蓮亞蔬13號。菌根菌菌種為Gigaspora albida。以泥炭土與珍珠石體積比1：1之混合物為栽培介質，在12個番茄品種中以新光品種之番茄其菌根感染率（8.0％）最高，其次為台南亞蔬11號（5.2％），種苗7號的菌根感染率最低（2.6％）。選擇上述三個番茄品種進行不同栽培介質對番茄菌根感染率之影響研究，栽培介質有三種，一為泥炭土與珍珠石體積比1：1之混合物（M1），二為泥炭土、珍珠石與蛭石體積比1：1：1之混合物（M2），三為泥炭土、珍珠石與蛭石體積比1：2：2之混合物（M3）。番茄在接種菌根菌21天後，三個品種的番茄在M1的栽培介質之植株生長皆明顯比M3栽培介質之植株生長好，但M1栽培介質之番茄菌根感染率皆明顯比M3栽培介質之番茄感染率低；番茄在接種菌根菌60天後，三個品種的番茄在M1的栽培介質之植株生長皆明顯比M3栽培介質之植株生長好，而三個栽培介質之番茄菌根感染率皆在80％以上，差異已經不大。以泥炭土、珍珠石與蛭石體積比1：2：2之混合物為栽培介質，菌根菌菌種為Gigaspora albida。在上述12個番茄品種中以花蓮亞蔬13號品種之番茄其菌根感染率（29％）最高，種苗7號的菌根感染率最低（8％）。選擇上述兩個番茄品種進行菌根菌接種與肥料處理對番茄生長與菌根感染率之影響研究，試驗結果顯示，番茄在極低養份環境下，接種菌根菌對植株生長無助益，但添加適量肥料並接種菌根菌可明顯促進植株生長。

關鍵字

番茄品種 ； 叢枝菌根菌

並列摘要

In this study, various tomato cultivars grown in medium with various phosphate amendments were evaluated in terms of colonization rate and plant growth. Tomato cultivars included Know-you No. 8, Hsin-Kuang, Hui-chu, Hsiao-Gu-Nian, Chun-Kuang, Chun-Miao No.7, Chun-Miao No. 8, Taoyuang AVRDC No. 9, Taichung AVRDC No. 10, Tainan AVRDC No.6, Tainan AVRDC No. 11, and Hualien AVRDC No. 13. Inoculum of VA mycorrhizal fungus was Gigaspora albida. Among these 12 cultivars growing in the medium mixture of peat moss and pearlite (1:1 v/v), Hsin-Kuang showed the highest colonization rate (8%) after 42 days inoculation, then the cultivar, Tainan AVRDC No. 11 (5.2%) and the Chun-Miao No.7, the lowest colonization rate (2.6%).Three previously selected cultivars were then grown in three different growth media, i.e., (i) mixture of peat moss and pearlite (1:1 v/v, M1), (ii) mixture of peat moss, pearlite and vermiculite (1:1:1 v/v/v, M2), (iii) mixture of peat moss, pearlite and vermiculite (1:2:2 v/v/v, M3). After inoculation for 21 days, all of the cultivars grew much better (plant height) in the medium M1than M3. In contrast to the plant height, the tomato grew in M3 showed the lower colonization rate than M1. After 60 days inoculation in the same experiment, all of three cultivars in M1 did grow better than M3; however, the colonization rate of cultivars in either media was above 80% and did not show any further significant difference. In the M3 medium and among the previous 12 cultivars, Hualien AVRDC No. 13 showed the highest colonization rate (29%) and Chun-Miao No.7 had the lowest colonization rate (8%) with Gi. albida. If we tested these two cultivars further in the treatments between mycorrhizal inoculation and fertilizer amendment, the results indicated that tomato in lower nutrient condition did not response well to the VA inoculation, nevertheless appropriate amendment of fertilizer and VA inoculation could promote plant growth significantly.

並列關鍵字

Tomato cultivar ； VA mycorrhizal fungi

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